Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics by Prescribed Antibiotica
| Characteristic | Cefalexin | Ciprofloxacin | Co-amoxiclav | Nitrofurantoin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 7546 (17.8) | 3868 (9.1) | 5516 (13.0) | 25 368 (60.0) |
| Men | 2150 (28.5) | 2115 (54.7) | 2229 (40.4) | 5930 (23.4) |
| Mean (SD) age | 77.5 (8.4) | 76.5 (8.3) | 77.6 (8.5) | 76.5 (8.4) |
| Mean (SD) follow-up time (years) | 4.2 (2.0) | 4.5 (2.0) | 4.2 (2.0) | 4.6 (1.9) |
| Mean (SD) prescription duration (days) | 8.2 (7.0) | 7.6 (7.0) | 8.3 (8.6) | 6.6 (3.6) |
| Index of Multiple Deprivation Decile | ||||
| 1 or 2 (least deprived) | 1708 (22.6) | 1056 (27.3) | 1354 (24.5) | 6850 (27.0) |
| 3 or 4 | 1710 (22.7) | 957 (24.7) | 1401 (25.4) | 6180 (24.4) |
| 5 or 6 | 1722 (22.8) | 850 (22.0) | 1255 (22.8) | 5214 (20.6) |
| 7 or 8 | 1254 (16.6) | 605 (15.6) | 849 (15.4) | 3970 (15.6) |
| 9 or 10 (most deprived) | 1152 (15.3) | 400 (10.3) | 657 (11.9) | 3154 (12.4) |
| Housebound | 41 (5.5) | 136 (3.5) | 265 (4.8) | 929 (3.7) |
| Respiratory disease | 1702 (22.6) | 849 (21.9) | 1198 (21.7) | 5339 (21.0) |
| Cardiac failure | 516 (6.8) | 212 (5.5) | 347 (6.3) | 1083 (4.3) |
| Dementia | 512 (6.8) | 170 (4.4) | 382 (6.9) | 1439 (5.7) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 488 (6.5) | 252 (6.5) | 321 (5.8) | 1082 (4.3) |
| Renal disease | 2243 (29.7) | 1001 (25.9) | 1499 (27.2) | 5310 (20.9) |
| Rhuematoid arthritis | 297 (3.9) | 108 (2.8) | 188 (3.4) | 900 (3.5) |
| Cancer | 1295 (17.2) | 780 (20.2) | 949 (17.2) | 3889 (15.3) |
| Stroke | 886 (11.7) | 392 (10.1) | 673 (12.2) | 2460 (9.7) |
| Diabetes | 1474 (19.5) | 783 (20.2) | 1111 (20.1) | 4234 (16.7) |
| Liver disease | 68 (0.9) | 30 (0.8) | 36 (0.7) | 171 (0.7) |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 1602 (21.2) | 821 (21.2) | 1158 (21.0) | 4290 (16.9) |
| Urinary catheter | 372 (4.9) | 309 (8.0) | 327 (5.9) | 853 (3.4) |
| Urinary incontinence | 1199 (15.9) | 471 (12.2) | 867 (15.7) | 3972 (15.7) |
| Polypharmacy | 3299 (43.7) | 1540 (39.8) | 2376 (43.1) | 9301 (36.7) |
| eGFR | ||||
| 60–90 | 4168 (55.2) | 2344 (60.6) | 3170 (57.5) | 16 719 (65.9) |
| 45–59 | 1749 (23.2) | 811 (21.0) | 1227 (22.2) | 5237 (20.6) |
| 30–44 | 917 (12.2) | 388 (10.0) | 613 (11.1) | 1815 (7.2) |
| 15–29 | 319 (4.2) | 148 (3.8) | 208 (3.8) | 391 (1.5) |
| <15 | 47 (0.6) | 26 (0.7) | 44 (0.8) | 41 (0.2) |
| Missing | 346 (4.6) | 151 (3.9) | 254 (4.6) | 1165 (4.6) |
| Charlson Score | ||||
| 0 | 2029 (26.9) | 1073 (27.7) | 1591 (28.8) | 8845 (34.9) |
| 1 | 1515 (20.1) | 765 (19.8) | 1098 (1909) | 8845 (34.9) |
| 2 | 1406 (18.6) | 773 (20.0) | 1006 (18.2) | 4755 (18.7) |
| 3 | 1070 (14.2) | 535 (13.8) | 769 (13.9) | 3050 (12.0) |
| 4 | 658 (8.7) | 313 (8.1) | 437 (7.9) | 1567 (6.2) |
| 5 | 428 (5.7) | 197 (5.1) | 305 (5.5) | 955 (3.8) |
| ≥6 | 440 (5.8) | 212 (5.5) | 310 (5.6) | 842 (3.3) |
Abbreviations: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SD, standard deviation.
aValues are numbers (%) unless otherwise stated.