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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 11.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Causes Control. 2008 Jul 10;19(10):1267–1276. doi: 10.1007/s10552-008-9198-6

Table 2.

Multivariate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of prostate cancer in relation to history of diabetes, PLCO study

Prostate cancer History of diabetes
No Yes
Total cases 1,905 153
 RR (95% CI)a 1.00 (ref) 0.80 (0.68–0.95)
Low grade (Gleason sum <8) cases 1,700 135
 RR (95% CI)a 1.00 (ref) 0.81 (0.68–0.96)
High grade (Gleason sum ≥8) cases 173 16
 RR (95% CI)a 1.00 (ref) 0.84 (0.50–1.41)
Low stage (stages I–II) cases 1,624 125
 RR (95% CI)a 1.00 (ref) 0.76 (0.63–0.91)
High stage (stages III–IV) cases 279 28
 RR (95% CI)a 1.00 (ref) 1.09 (0.73–1.62)
Non-aggressive (low grade and low stage) cases 1,494 112
 RR (95% CI)a 1.00 (ref) 0.75 (0.62–0.91)
Aggressive (high grade or high stage) cases 383 39
 RR (95% CI)a 1.00 (ref) 1.04 (0.74–1.45)
a

Relative risk adjusted for age, race, family history of prostate cancer, study center, aspirin use, education, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, and height. Number of cases by grade or stage may not sum to total cases due to missing information on grade or stage