Table 3. Cox proportional hazards analyses of factors associated with increased 6-month mortality rate.

Variable	Bivariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	95% CI	P value	HR	95% CI	P value
Age	1.017	0.994−1.040	0.151	1.025	1.001−1.050	0.043*
Male gender	1.017	0.994−1.040	0.151	0.763	0.356−1.635	0.487
Postoperative care	0.470	0.218−1.013	0.054	0.657	0.254−1.701	0.387
Metastatic disease	2.280	1.083−4.802	0.030*	4.044	1.448−11.29	0.008*
Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection	5.189	1.164−23.13	0.031*	4.857	0.797−29.62	0.087
Dobutamine	8.079	1.736−37.61	0.008*	21.92	3.682−130.5	0.001*
Haemoglobin	0.883	0.764−1.021	0.093	0.809	0.657−0.997	0.047*
Total neutrophils	0.944	0.888−1.004	0.067	0.973	0.920−1.029	0.337
Lactate at ICU admission	1.024	1.010−1.038	0.001*	1.028	1.010−1.046	0.003*
NGAL at 48 hours (for each 10 ng/mL)	1.046	1.000−1.097	0.061	1.047	0.999−1.104	0.087
KDIGO stage 3	3.520	1.129−10.98	0.030*	2.828	1.069−7.480	0.036*

^*p value <0.05.

ICU: intensive care unit, NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, KDIGO: Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes.