Fig. 6.
Causality between gut and brain function in IBS. A. Graphs of those self-report questionnaires exhibiting significant correlations with levels of 51Cr-EDTA passage in the IBS participants only. From left to right, these questionnaires were IBS-SSS, VSI, and the CSQ-Pain Behavior subscale. B. Causal path model used to assess the mediating effects of the three questionnaires shown in A on the effect of permeability on resting state functional connectivity in the RVM for the IBS patients only. Solid arrows indicate direct effects; dashed arrows indicate indirect effects. Significant and trend-level (p < 0.01) coefficients are shown in standardized form.