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. 2019 Mar 5;10:361. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00361

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Copyright © 2019 Pararasa, Zhang, Tull, Chong, Siu, Guesdon, Chavele, Sanderson, Langmead, Kok, Spencer and Vossenkamper.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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CD27⁻IgD⁻ B cells subsets in blood of CD and UC patients treated with biologics. Patients were treated with either (A) infliximab (n = 10, HC n = 9), (B) vedolizumab (n = 6, HC n = 5), or (C) ustekinumab (n = 14, HC n = 12) with a baseline (pre) and a post-treatment (6 weeks for infliximab and vedolizumab, and 8 weeks for ustekinumab) sample obtained. Subsets of CD27⁻IgD⁻ cells were compared to age and gender matched healthy controls (Dark blue squares: UC patients responsive to treatment; Dark blue asterisks: UC patients non-responsive to treatment; Green triangles: CD patients responsive to treatment; Green asterisks: CD patients non-responsive to treatment). Data was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U tests where p < 0.05 = ^*, p < 0.01 = ^**, p < 0.001 = ^*** and p < 0.0001 = ^****.