. 2019 Mar 11;9:4137. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40894-y

Table 5.

Placental Pathology and CHD Pathology.

CHD Pathology: Aortic Obstruction
Placental pathology	No AO, n (%)	AO, n (%)	p-value^a	OR	95% CI
Overall Normal Abnormal	19 (58) 14 (42)	3 (17) 15 (83)	0.007	6.79	1.64–28.04
Pathology None Infarction Chorioamnionitis Calcifications Other	19 (58) 8 (24) 2 (6) 1 (3) 3 (9)	3 (17) 6 (33) 2 (11) 2 (11) 5 (28)	0.03	4.75 6.33 12.67 10.56	0.95–23.84 0.63–63.64 0.86–186.89 1.61–69.12
CHD Pathology: Ventricle
Placental pathology	Single, n (%)	Double, n (%)	p-value ^a	OR	95% CI
Overall Normal Abnormal	9 (47) 10 (53)	13 (41) 19 (59)	0.77	1.32	0.42–4.13
Pathology None Infarction Chorioamnionitis Calcifications Other	9 (47) 4 (21) 1 (5) 2 (11) 3 (16)	13 (41) 10 (31) 3 (9) 1 (3) 5 (16)	0.81	1.73 2.08 0.35 1.15	0.41–7.29 0.19–23.30 0.03–4.42 0.22–6.10