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Hypothetical contribution of microglia to neurite growth. (A) Microglia contact newborn GC dendritic tree and may modulate dendrite sprouting through an unknown mechanism. Also, microglia may engulf small segments of the newborn GC axon and restrict neurite growth. (B) Microglia have been shown to secrete soluble factors that may contribute to dendrite and axon sprouting, such as IGF-1 and BDNF, respectively. BDNF, brain derived neurotrophic factor; IGF-1, insulin growth factor-1.
