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. 2019 Feb 9;276(3):775–783. doi: 10.1007/s00405-019-05324-9

Table 1.

Demographic characteristics

Treatment Ectoine lozenges Hyaluronic acid lozenges Saline gargle
Number of patients 35 35 20
Sex, N (%)
 Female 29 (82.9%) 25 (71.4%) 13 (65.0%)
 Male 6 (17.1%) 10 (28.6%) 7 (35.0%)
Age, years
 Mean 33.4 33.7 49.4
 SD 14.3 13.8 15.9
 Minimum 18 18 21
 Maximum 74 70 81
Smokers, N (%) 12 (34.3%) 10 (28.6%) 5 (25.0%)

N number, SD standard deviation