Table 3.
Association of NAFLD risk with dietary iron intake.
| Daily iron intake | Q 1 | Q 2 | Q 3 | Q 4 | Ptrend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (cases: 1273, controls:1273) | |||||
| Total iron | |||||
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.80 (0.62–1.02) | 1.25 (1.00–1.56) | 1.07 (0.856–1.35) | 0.098 |
| OR2 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.65 (0.48–0.88) | 1.13 (0.85–1.51) | 0.90 (0.68–1.20) | 0.777 |
| OR3 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.65 (0.47–1.06) | 1.13 (0.82–1.57) | 0.88 (0.59–1.33) | 0.687 |
| Animal source iron | |||||
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.41 (1.11–1.78) | 1.57 (1.25–1.98) | 1.67 (1.24–2.24) | 0.001 |
| OR2 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.36 (1.02–1.81) | 1.78 (1.33–2.39) | 1.56 (1.08–2.26) | 0.001 |
| OR3 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.36 (1.01–1.83) | 1.83 (1.30–2.57) | 1.66 (1.01–2.73) | 0.003 |
| Plant source iron | |||||
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.14 (0.91–1.43) | 0.95 (0.76–1.19) | 0.86 (0.68–1.10) | 0.116 |
| OR2 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.83–1.50) | 0.80 (0.60–1.06) | 0.68 (0.51–0.60) | 0.005 |
| OR3 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.76–1.43) | 0.76 (0.55–1.04) | 0.61 (0.40–0.94) | 0.013 |
| Men(cases:899, controls: 899) | |||||
| Total iron | |||||
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.86 (0.63–1.18) | 1.39 (1.05–1.84) | 1.20 (0.91–1.58) | 0.031 |
| OR2 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.71 (0.47–1.06) | 1.35 (0.94–1.94) | 1.11 (0.78–1.57) | 0.118 |
| OR3 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.50–1.17) | 1.47 (0.98–2.21) | 1.34 (0.81–2.21) | 0.051 |
| Animal source iron | |||||
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.65 (1.21–2.25) | 1.98 (1.46–2.68) | 2.02 (1.41–2.89) | <0.001 |
| OR2 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.57 (1.07–2.30) | 2.24 (1.52–3.31) | 1.84 (1.17–2.90) | 0.001 |
| OR3 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.64 (1.10–2.42) | 2.53 (1.64–3.90) | 2.29 (1.27–4.13) | <0.001 |
| Plant source iron | |||||
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.24 (0.94–1.63) | 0.94 (0.71–1.25) | 0.94 (0.70–1.25) | 0.516 |
| OR2 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.20 (0.82–1.74) | 0.78 (0.54–1.12) | 0.88 (0.61–1.27) | 0.277 |
| OR3 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.22 (0.82–1.81) | 0.78 (0.53–1.21) | 0.93 (0.54–1.59) | 0.477 |
| Women((cases:374, controls:374)) | |||||
| Total iron | |||||
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.51–1.15) | 1.05 (0.68–1.66) | 0.65 (0.42–1.02) | 0.167 |
| OR2 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.67 (0.41–1.10) | 0.68 (0.38–1.22) | 0.56 (0.32–0.99) | 0.035 |
| OR3 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.50 (0.24–1.034) | 0.78 (0.44–1.34) | 0.39 (0.1743–1.01) | 0.022 |
| Animal source iron | |||||
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.76–1.62) | 0.99 (0.66–1.48) | 1.22 (0.64–2.34) | 0.167 |
| OR2 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.19 (0.75–1.87) | 0.98 (0.58–1.68) | 1.47 (0.67–3.23) | 0.526 |
| OR3 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.59–1.60) | 0.75 (0.38–1.49) | 0.99 (0.33–2.94) | 0.619 |
| Plant source iron | |||||
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.88 (0.54–1.45) | 0.94 (0.63–1.40) | 0.54 (0.35–0.85) | 0.049 |
| OR2 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.62 (0.32–1.21) | 0.81 (0.50–1.32) | 0.36 (0.21–0.63) | 0.002 |
| OR3 (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.50 (0.24–1.03) | 0.78 (0.45–1.35) | 0.33 (0.15–0.71) | 0.043 |
Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) are presented.
OR1: adjusted for age, gender, education, family income, regular exercise, smoking and moderate alcohol consumption.
OR2: adjusted for BMI, systolic blood pressure, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TGs, FPG, UA, ApoA, ApoB, as well as variables for OR1.
OR3: adjusted for dietary total fat, total energy intake and dietary calcium intake in addition to variables for OR2.