Table 4.
Interaction effects of animal iron and selected risk factors on the risk of NAFLD.
| Exposures | Quartiles of animal iron intake | P-value for multiplicative interactions | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||
| Smoking b | ||||||
| No | Cases/controls a | 193/250 | 211/232 | 196/240 | 263/242 | 0.119 |
| OR (95%CI) | 1.00 | 1.31 (0.97–1.78) | 1.46 (1.04–2.05) | 1.51 (1.06–2.15) | ||
| Yes | Cases/controls a | 47/68 | 103/87 | 84/77 | 176/77 | |
| OR (95%CI) | 0.85 (0.52–1.40) | 1.45 (0.96–2.19) | 1.73 (1.11–2.72) | 3.35 (2.20–5.12) | ||
| Moderate alcohol drinker c | ||||||
| No | Cases/controls a | 185/254 | 218/221 | 200/267 | 263/179 | 0.628 |
| OR (95%CI) | 1.00 | 1.43 (1.05–1.94) | 1.38 (0.99–1.933) | 2.14 (1.49–3.08) | ||
| Yes | Cases/controls a | 55/64 | 96/98 | 80/50 | 176/140 | |
| OR (95%CI) | 1.04 (0.65–1.67) | 1.36 (0.91–2.02) | 2.43 (1.52–3.89) | 1.76 (1.19–2.59) | ||
| Dietary fat intake d | ||||||
| Low | Cases/controls a | 234/315 | 251/265 | 70/68 | 17/14 | 0.041 |
| OR (95%CI) | 1.00 | 1.35 (1.02–1.78) | 1.82 (1.18–2.80) | 1.78 (0.75–4.22) | ||
| High | Cases/controls a | 6/3 | 63/54 | 210/249 | 422/305 | |
| OR (95%CI) | 4.48 (0.74–27.14) | 1.82 (1.14–2.91 | 1.56 (1.12–2.17) | 2.08 (1.50–2.89) | ||
| Overweight or obesity e | ||||||
| No | Cases/controls a | 135/275 | 167/283 | 173/298 | 132/259 | 0.006 |
| OR (95%CI) | 1.00 | 1.33 (0.96–1.82) | 1.74 (1.23–2.47) | 1.31 (0.89–1.94) | ||
| Yes | Cases/controls | 105/42 | 147/36 | 104/19 | 307/60 | |
| OR (95%CI) | 4.31 (2.75–6.76) | 7.53 (4.74–11.96) | 10.35 (5.77–18.56) | 9.15 (5.96–14.07) | ||
aThe number of cases/controls in each cell is followed by the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for NAFLD.
bORs and P-values for multiplicative interactions are adjusted for age, gender, family income, education, moderate alcohol consumption, BMI, regular exercise, total energy intake, total fat intake, systolic blood pressure, and biochemistry.
cORs and P-values for multiplicative interactions are adjusted for age, gender, family income, education, smoking, BMI, regular exercise, total energy intake, total fat intake, systolic blood pressures, and biochemistry.,
dORs and P-values for multiplicative interactions are adjusted for age, gender, family income, education, smoking, moderate alcohol consumption, BMI, regular exercise, total energy intake, systolic blood pressure, and biochemistry.
eORs and P-values for multiplicative interactions are adjusted for age, gender, family income, education, smoking, moderate alcohol consumption, regular exercise, total energy intake, total fat intake, systolic blood pressure, and biochemistry.