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. 2019 Mar 11;9:4120. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40868-0

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Dentate gyrus grows and consolidates during the first two postnatal weeks. (A) Representative images of Hoechst staining of the dentate gyrus (DG) at P7 and P14 (scale bar: 200 μm). (B) The volume of the DG is greater at P14 compared to at P7 (age: F_(1,12) = 186.9, p < 0.0001; sex: F_(1,12) = 0.2653, p = 0.6158; age x sex: F_(1,12) = 1.296, p = 0.2771). (C) The volume of the granule cell layer (GCL) is also greater at P14 compared to at P7 (age: F_(1,12) = 239.3, p < 0.0001; sex: F_(1,12) = 0.7126, p = 0.4151; age x sex: F_(1,12) = 0.0480, p = 0.8303). (D) Representative images of KOr+ GFAP + MCM2+ dividing neural stem cells at P7 and P14 (scale bar: 10 μm). (E) A smaller percentage of KOr+ GFAP+ radial stem cells express cell division marker MCM2 at P14 compared to at P7 (age: F_(1,12) = 86.91, p < 0.0001; sex: F_(1,12) = 0.5017, p = 0.4923; age x sex: F_(1,12) = 0.3985, p = 0.5397). (F) Representative images of KOr+ stem and progenitor cells including high magnification images of outlined areas at P7 and P14 (scale bars: 100 μm for low magnification and 30 μm for high magnification). (G) There are fewer KOr+ stem and progenitor cells in the outer third of the GCL at P14 compared to at P7 (age: F_(1,12) = 272.6, p < 0.0001; sex: F_(1,12) = 3.076, p = 0.1049; age x sex: F_(1,12) = 0.5044, p = 0.4911). (H) Representative images of MCM2+ dividing cells including high magnification images of outlined areas at P7 and P14 (scale bars: 100 μm for magnification and 30 μm for high magnification). (I) There are fewer MCM2 + dividing cells in the outer third of the GCL at P14 compared to at P7 (age: F_(1,12) = 164.5, p < 0.0001; sex: F_(1,12) = 0.4760, p = 0.5034; age x sex: F_(1,12) = 0.1396, p = 0.7152). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Main effect (ME) of age is noted when statistically significant (p < 0.05).