Table 9.
The comparison of the front-of-package “gluten-free” (GF) product labeled attributes influencing the choice of GF bread in subgroups of celiac GF-diet and non-celiac GF-diet participants stratified by economic status.
| Characteristics | Average | Good or Very Good | p-Value * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Celiac GF-diet | ||||
| Additional “gluten-free“ written information ** | Logotype with no written information | 36.4% | 31.8% | 0.8645 |
| Logotype with written information | 63.6% | 68.2% | ||
| Logotypes presenting additional features ** | No additional feature logotypes | 12.1% | 9.1% | 0.9563 |
| EU organic logotype a | 33.3% | 22.7% | 0.4378 | |
| “Dairy-free“ logotype b | 18.2% | 27.3% | 0.5086 | |
| Wheat starch-free logotype b | 9.1% | 9.1% | 0.6892 | |
| Quality logotype c | 21.2% | 22.7% | 0.8744 | |
| Vegan logotype c | 6.1% | 9.1% | 0.9203 | |
| Non-celiac GF-diet | ||||
| Additional “gluten-free“ written information ** | Logotype with no written information | 40.0% | 26.3% | 0.3862 |
| Logotype with written information | 60.0% | 73.7% | ||
| Logotypes presenting additional features ** | No additional feature logotypes | 10.0% | 10.5% | 0.7195 |
| EU organic logotype a | 25.0% | 17.5% | 0.6919 | |
| “Dairy-free“ logotype b | 30.0% | 19.4% | 0.5967 | |
| Wheat starch-free logotype b | 5.0% | 3.5% | 0.7072 | |
| Quality logotype c | 20.0% | 17.5% | 0.9287 | |
| Vegan logotype c | 10.0% | 31.6% | 0.0583 | |
GF—gluten-free; EU—European Union; a according to the Regulation of European Commission No 889/2008 [29]; b logotypes commonly applied for products available in Poland; c “dummy” logotypes not applied in Poland; * compared using chi-square test; ** single choice based on indicated product.