Table 1.
Characteristics of the studies
| Reference | Country | Subject Characteristics | Study Design | Control |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erdrich et al. [38] | New Zealand | Subjects = 20 (F = 0; M = 20) with prostate cancer, Age = 52–74 years; BMI = 23–33 kg/m2 Non-smokers = 7; former-smokers = 13 |
One arm intervention | N.A. |
| Gutierrez-Mariscal et al. [39] | Spain | Subjects = 20 (F = 10; M = 10); Age = > 65 years; BMI = 20–40 kg/m2 Non-smokers = 20 | Randomized, controlled crossover trial |
Western diet rich in SFA (6 subjects) |
| Mitjavila et al. [40] | Spain | Subjects = 110 (F = 110; M = 0) with MetS; Age = 55–80 years; BMI = < 35 kg/m2 Non-smokers | Multicentric, randomized, controlled, parallel clinical trial PREDIMED |
Low-fat diet (37 subjects) |
| Gutierrez-Mariscal et al. [41] | Spain | Subjects = 20 (F = 10; M = 10); Age = > 65 years; BMI = 20–40 kg/m2 Non-smokers=20 |
Randomized, controlled crossover trial |
Western diet rich in SFA (6 subjects) |
| Konstantinidou et al. [42] | Spain | Subjects = 90 (F = 64; M = 26); Age = 20–50 years; BMI = < 30 kg/m2 Smokers = N.A. |
Randomized, parallel, controlled clinical trial | Habitual diet (30 subjects) |
| Urquiaga et al. [43] | Chile | Subjects = 42 (F = 0; M = 42); Age = 20–27 years; BMI = N.A. Smokers = N.A. |
Partially randomized, controlled, trial | Occidental diet (21 subjects) |
| García-Calzon et al. [44] | Spain | Subjects = 520 (F = 286; M = 234) at high CV risk; Age = 55–80 years; BMI = 25–35 kg/m2 Non-smokers = 326; former-smokers = 117; smokers = 77 |
Multicentric, randomized, controlled, parallel clinical trial PREDIMED-NAVARRA |
Low-fat diet (140 subjects) |
| García-Calzon et al. [45] | Spain | Subjects = 521 at high CV risk Pro/pro group = 451 (F = 244; M = 207); Ala carrier group = 70 (F = 64; M = 25) Age = 60–80 years F, 55–80 years M; BMI = 25–35 kg/m2 |
Multicentric, randomized, controlled, parallel clinical trial PREDIMED-NAVARRA |
Low-fat diet (140 subjects) |
Legend: BMI: body mass index; CV: cardiovascular; EVOO: extra virgin olive oil; F: female; M: male; MD: Mediterranean diet; MetS: metabolic syndrome; N.A: not available; PREDIMED: PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea project; SFA: saturated fatty acid.