Table A1.

Products included and excluded in the analysis.

Category	Subcategories Included	Subcategories Excluded	Rationale
Bread	Loaves, rolls, sandwich alternatives, flatbreads (n = 359)	Bakery breakfast items (e.g., fruit bread, brioche, croissants). (n = 97)	Only grain foods, and products with similar nutritional profiles within categories were included
Rice	Dry plain, dry flavoured, microwaveable plain, microwaveable flavoured (n = 151)	No products excluded
Pasta	Dry, white. Dry, wholemeal (n = 205)	Gnocchi, fresh pasta, couscous, pulse pasta (n = 39)
Noodles	Dried or cooked, plain or flavoured (n = 56)	No products excluded
Flour	White plain and self-raising, wholemeal plain and self-raising (n = 50)	Gluten-free, legume, bread-making, corn, flour blends, non-grain, other grain, rice flour (n = 73).
Breakfast cereals	Ready-to-eat cereals, muesli, granola, clusters, hot cereals plain, hot cereals flavoured (n = 441)	Breakfast biscuits, breakfast snacks (n = 38)