| ASMC | airway smooth muscle cells |
| MAPK | mitogen activated protein kinases |
| STAT3 | signal transducer and activator of transcription |
| PTEN | phosphatase and tensin homolog gene |
| COX-2 | cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 2 |
| PPAR-γ | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ |
| PGC-1α | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Coactivator-1α |