Table 5.
Associations of dietary patterns score with plasma glucose levels during oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT).
| Dietary Patterns | Blood Glucose Level, β (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting | 1 h after OGTT | 2 h after OGTT | |
| Three-Day Food Diaries | |||
| Traditional (TFD) | |||
| Model 1 | −0.03 (−0.05, −0.01) | −0.11 (−0.18, −0.06) | −0.04 (−0.08, 0.01) |
| Model 2 | −0.03 (−0.05, −0.01) | −0.13 (−0.19, −0.07) | −0.04 (−0.09, 0.00) |
| Model 3 | −0.03 (−0.05, 0.00) | -0.11 (−0.19, −0.03) | −0.02 (−0.08, 0.04) |
| Whole grain-seafood (TFD) | |||
| Model 1 | 0.00 (−0.03, 0.03) | 0.12 (0.04, 0.21) | 0.06 (0.00, 0.13) |
| Model 2 | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) | 0.14 (0.06,0.22) | 0.07 (0.01, 0.14) |
| Model 3 | 0.00 (−0.03, 0.03) | 0.11 (0.02, 0.19) | 0.04 (−0.02, 0.11) |
| Food Frequency Questionnaire | |||
| Traditional (FFQ) | |||
| Model 1 | −0.03 (−0.05, −0.01) | −0.06 (−0.12, −0.01) | −0.05 (−0.09, −0.01) |
| Model 2 | −0.04 (−0.06, −0.02) | −0.08 (−0.14, −0.01) | −0.06 (−0.11, −0.01) |
| Model 3 | −0.04 (−0.06, −0.02) | −0.07 (−0.13, −0.01) | −0.07 (−0.11, −0.02) |
Model 1: Crude model. Model 2: Adjusted for other dietary patterns derived from the same dietary assessment tool (TFD or FFQ). Model 3: Model 2 plus pre-pregnancy BMI, age, parity, family income, education level, ethnicity, smoking status, total energy intake, and physical activity. TFD: three-day food diaries; FFQ: food frequency questionnaire.