Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants (n = 100).
| Characteristics | Treatment Groups | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo (n = 50) |
DW2009 Group (n = 50) |
||
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age, mean, (SD) | 69.2 (7.00) | 68.0 (5.12) | 0.35 |
| Women, No. (%) | 36 (72.0) | 30 (60.0) | 0.21 |
| Education, No. (%) | |||
| 0–11 years | 25 (50.0) | 30 (60.0) | 0.43 |
| 12 years | 17 (34.0) | 16 (32.0) | |
| 13 years or more | 8 (16.0) | 4 (8.00) | |
| Marital status, No. (%) | |||
| Married | 50 (100) | 49 (98.0) | 1.00 |
| Divorced, widowed, or separated | 0 (0.00) | 1 (2.00) | |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Auditory continuous performance test 1 | |||
| Reaction time | 0.77 (0.08) | 0.79 (0.08) | 0.13 |
| Correct response | 127 (9.41) | 121 (20.2) | 0.04 |
| Incorrect response | 6.29 (6.15) | 9.22 (8.12) | 0.05 |
| Omission error | 7.71 (9.40) | 14.2 (20.2) | 0.04 |
| Digit span test | |||
| List memory score | 7.44 (3.35) | 7.34 (3.66) | 0.89 |
| Tracking score | 5.26 (1.23) | 5.34 (1.45) | 0.77 |
| Verbal learning test | |||
| Immediate recall | 9.04 (2.22) | 8.30 (2.35) | 0.11 |
| Delayed recall | 7.30 (2.62) | 6.84 (2.91) | 0.41 |
| Recognition | 11.3 (2.34) | 10.6 (3.21) | 0.19 |
1 Data from one subject of the placebo-administered group was not available. p-values were calculated using the independent t-test for continuous variables and chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. SD: standard deviation; No.: number.