Table 2.
List of the type of foods consumed and their frequency of consumption by 6–36-months-old children from Masenjere and Limera villages.
| Food Consumed | 6–12 Months (n = 172) | 12–36 Months (n = 183) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masenjere (n = 87) | Limera (n = 85) | p Value | Masenjere (n = 91) | Limera (n = 92) | p Value | |
| Grains, roots and tubers | ||||||
| Maize on the cob, roasted | 2 | 12 | 0.015 | 19 | 33 | 0.031 |
| Maize porridge (watery), refined flour | 72 | 82 | 0.120 | 68 | 71 | 0.595 |
| Maize porridge (stiff, nsima), refined flour | 81 | 86 | 0.342 | 95 | 89 | 0.185 |
| Rice, boiled | 1 | 0 | 0.322 | 6 | 9 | 0.399 |
| Rice porridge, homemade | 0 | 6 | 0.022 | 4 | 4 | 0.987 |
| Cassava, boiled | 0 | 0 | na 1 | 1 | 8 | 0.031 |
| Sweet potatoes, boiled | 15 | 4 | 0.010 | 32 | 11 | 0.001 |
| Fermented cereal drink (thobwa), homemade | 26 | 5 | <0.000 | 40 | 7 | <0.001 |
| Flesh foods (meat, poultry, fish) | ||||||
| Fish, boiled | 21 | 31 | 0.137 | 35 | 54 | 0.009 |
| Soup, fish broth, homemade | 13 | 41 | <0.001 | 7 | 7 | 0.984 |
| Soup, meat broth, homemade | 9 | 1 | 0.018 | 1 | 0 | 0.313 |
| Chicken, boiled | 0 | 1 | 0.322 | 1 | 0 | 0.313 |
| Dairy products | ||||||
| Milk, powdered | 1 | 1 | 0.987 | 3 | 0 | 0.079 |
| Eggs | ||||||
| Chicken egg, boiled/fried | 10 | 4 | 0.079 | 17 | 5 | 0.017 |
| Soup, egg broth, homemade | 1 | 0 | 0.322 | 0 | 0 | na 1 |
| Legumes and nuts | ||||||
| White beans, stewed | 2 | 5 | 0.390 | 1 | 1 | 0.994 |
| Cowpea, stewed | 4 | 0 | 0.084 | 7 | 1 | 0.052 |
| Red kidney bean, stewed | 12 | 8 | 0.474 | 24 | 8 | 0.002 |
| Pigeon pea, stewed | 0 | 1 | 0.322 | 2 | 0 | 0.153 |
| Peas, boiled | 0 | 1 | 0.310 | 0 | 2 | 0.157 |
| Soup, bean broth, homemade | 2 | 2 | 0.981 | 1 | 0 | 0.313 |
| Vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables | ||||||
| Mangoes, ripe | 37 | 8 | <0.001 | 43 | 22 | 0.002 |
| Oranges, ripe | 1 | 0 | 0.322 | 0 | 2 | 0.153 |
| Pawpaw, ripe | 0 | 0 | na 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.319 |
| Green leafy vegetables, boiled | 59 | 72 | 0.071 | 74 | 45 | <0.001 |
| Guava, pink | 0 | 0 | na 1 | 0 | 3 | 0.082 |
| Avocado, ripe, mashed | 8 | 0 | 0.008 | 10 | 0 | 0.002 |
| Okra, boiled | 1 | 0 | 0.322 | 1 | 0 | 0.313 |
| Soup from leafy vegetables | 13 | 20 | 0.191 | 0 | 2 | 0.157 |
| Other fruits and vegetables | ||||||
| Cabbage, boiled | 1 | 0 | 0.322 | 1 | 0 | 0.313 |
| Banana, ripe | 10 | 6 | 0.285 | 4 | 21 | 0.001 |
| Sugar plum, ripe | 0 | 2 | 0.150 | 0 | 3 | 0.082 |
| Sugarcane, peeled | 0 | 0 | na 1 | 4 | 1 | 0.170 |
| Snacks | ||||||
| Concentrate juice, diluted | 17 | 15 | 0.729 | 9 | 12 | 0.483 |
| Kids’ maize snack, processed and colored (Kamba puffs) | 33 | 9 | <0.001 | 24 | 5 | <0.001 |
| Lollipop | 14 | 9 | 0.190 | 41 | 17 | <0.001 |
| Cake, baked with banana, refined maize flour (chikondamoyo) | 0 | 1 | 0.310 | 1 | 5 | 0.100 |
| Fritters, fried with banana, refined maize flour (chitumbuwa) | 1 | 0 | 0.310 | 4 | 21 | 0.001 |
| Fritters, fried, refined wheat flour (mandasi) | 14 | 12 | 0.690 | 29 | 16 | 0.047 |
| Coca-cola | 0 | 0 | na 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.313 |
| Icicles, sweetened and colored | 0 | 1 | 0.310 | 0 | 1 | 0.319 |
| Tea, unsweetened, brewed | 2 | 0 | 0.160 | 3 | 0 | 0.079 |
| Sugar | 51 | 35 | 0.043 | 45 | 34 | 0.116 |
1 na = not available.