Table 2.
The first part describes the experimental design that was applied in this work. The independent variables are presented in coded and natural values. The second part shows the response values for the detected anthocyanin compounds (mg/g E) and extraction yield (%) achieved for all the 28 experimental conditions performed for the HAE by the RSM design.
| Five-Level CCCD Experimental Design | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Runs | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
| Coded values | X1: Time (t) | −1 | −1 | −1 | −1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1.68 | −1.68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | −1.68 | −1.68 | −1.68 | −1.68 | 1.68 | 1.68 | 1.68 | 1.68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| X2: Temp. (T) | −1 | −1 | 1 | 1 | −1 | −1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | −1.68 | 1.68 | 0 | 0 | −1.68 | −1.68 | 1.68 | 1.68 | −1.68 | −1.68 | 1.68 | 1.68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| X3: Solvent (S) | −1 | 1 | −1 | 1 | −1 | 1 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | −1.68 | 1.68 | −1.68 | 1.68 | −1.68 | 1.68 | −1.68 | 1.68 | −1.68 | 1.68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Natural values | X1: t (min) | 40.3 | 40.3 | 40.3 | 40.3 | 99.7 | 99.7 | 99.7 | 99.7 | 120.0 | 20.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 120.0 | 120.0 | 120.0 | 120.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 |
| X2: T (°C) | 37.2 | 37.2 | 72.8 | 72.8 | 37.2 | 37.2 | 72.8 | 72.8 | 55.0 | 55.0 | 25.0 | 85.0 | 55.0 | 55.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 85.0 | 85.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 85.0 | 85.0 | 55.0 | 55.0 | 55.0 | 55.0 | 55.0 | 55.0 | |
| X3: S (%) | 20.3 | 79.7 | 20.3 | 79.7 | 20.3 | 79.7 | 20.3 | 79.7 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | |
| Response Variables for RSM Application | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P1 | 3.34 | 5.61 | 4.50 | 5.75 | 3.41 | 5.80 | 3.55 | 4.96 | 3.93 | 5.08 | 5.05 | 5.52 | 3.17 | 5.78 | 1.96 | 6.36 | 4.56 | 5.83 | 2.27 | 5.86 | 1.42 | 5.11 | 4.93 | 4.91 | 5.34 | 5.35 | 5.24 | 4.84 | |
| P2 | 2.47 | 4.24 | 2.64 | 4.15 | 2.38 | 4.27 | 2.26 | 3.72 | 2.55 | 3.32 | 3.15 | 2.92 | 2.31 | 5.31 | 1.78 | 4.85 | 2.50 | 4.11 | 1.83 | 4.22 | 1.45 | 3.83 | 3.43 | 3.54 | 3.47 | 3.48 | 3.44 | 3.29 | |
| P3 | 3.94 | 5.53 | 4.71 | 5.37 | 3.60 | 6.52 | 3.90 | 5.78 | 3.93 | 4.89 | 5.29 | 5.74 | 2.81 | 5.13 | 2.10 | 4.25 | 2.98 | 3.16 | 1.59 | 4.63 | 1.48 | 5.42 | 6.33 | 7.04 | 6.70 | 6.71 | 6.94 | 6.67 | |
| P4 | 2.95 | 5.68 | 2.82 | 5.05 | 2.93 | 6.60 | 2.71 | 5.01 | 3.70 | 4.26 | 4.98 | 4.97 | 1.66 | 4.60 | 1.79 | 5.27 | 1.47 | 4.67 | 1.59 | 4.61 | 1.39 | 5.12 | 4.59 | 4.57 | 4.78 | 4.79 | 4.40 | 4.42 | |
| P5 | 7.61 | 13.13 | 8.39 | 13.66 | 7.30 | 13.00 | 8.15 | 13.66 | 10.54 | 12.68 | 15.27 | 17.09 | 2.64 | 9.81 | 1.87 | 8.32 | 1.47 | 10.19 | 1.59 | 8.67 | 1.39 | 11.07 | 16.99 | 16.40 | 17.62 | 17.66 | 15.93 | 16.40 | |
| P6 | 3.47 | 5.69 | 3.78 | 5.34 | 3.48 | 4.99 | 3.52 | 5.02 | 3.91 | 5.09 | 5.68 | 5.74 | 1.70 | 4.01 | 1.74 | 4.70 | 1.47 | 3.76 | 1.59 | 3.99 | 1.37 | 3.25 | 6.35 | 6.10 | 6.62 | 6.64 | 6.34 | 6.31 | |
| P7 | 2.52 | 4.25 | 2.62 | 3.98 | 2.43 | 3.59 | 2.41 | 3.62 | 3.12 | 3.52 | 3.80 | 3.64 | 1.75 | 4.07 | 1.74 | 4.83 | 1.91 | 3.98 | 1.59 | 4.07 | 1.37 | 3.28 | 3.73 | 3.75 | 3.85 | 3.86 | 3.69 | 3.69 | |
| P8 | 3.53 | 5.93 | 3.67 | 5.39 | 3.40 | 6.22 | 3.36 | 5.03 | 3.95 | 5.09 | 5.42 | 5.28 | 1.96 | 3.84 | 1.85 | 4.65 | 1.47 | 3.82 | 1.59 | 3.96 | 1.37 | 3.49 | 5.86 | 5.64 | 5.88 | 5.89 | 6.01 | 5.57 | |
| P9 | 5.10 | 8.37 | 5.33 | 7.82 | 4.78 | 8.55 | 4.94 | 7.82 | 5.46 | 7.15 | 8.25 | 8.59 | 2.07 | 5.44 | 1.94 | 5.27 | 1.47 | 4.98 | 1.59 | 4.70 | 1.40 | 5.41 | 9.99 | 9.52 | 10.25 | 10.27 | 9.49 | 9.71 | |
| P10 | 14.92 | 21.10 | 16.36 | 24.14 | 14.84 | 18.68 | 16.01 | 24.14 | 21.50 | 23.40 | 26.73 | 30.48 | 6.96 | 14.17 | 2.29 | 9.46 | 2.35 | 13.48 | 1.59 | 10.19 | 1.43 | 17.38 | 32.57 | 32.82 | 33.99 | 34.06 | 32.48 | 33.27 | |
| P11 | 10.18 | 14.08 | 13.19 | 15.07 | 9.34 | 12.26 | 10.90 | 13.27 | 12.83 | 17.10 | 16.97 | 19.23 | 5.98 | 5.71 | 2.31 | 5.13 | 5.67 | 5.26 | 1.27 | 4.82 | 1.16 | 5.32 | 20.04 | 19.79 | 20.91 | 20.95 | 21.22 | 19.94 | |
| P12 | 2.91 | 4.60 | 3.27 | 4.31 | 2.66 | 4.10 | 2.76 | 3.81 | 3.22 | 4.13 | 4.19 | 4.26 | 2.20 | 4.09 | 1.92 | 4.80 | 2.74 | 4.17 | 1.59 | 4.29 | 1.41 | 3.54 | 3.93 | 3.80 | 3.83 | 3.84 | 3.94 | 3.83 | |
| P13 | 4.84 | 7.26 | 5.77 | 6.99 | 4.30 | 7.53 | 4.89 | 6.72 | 5.63 | 7.31 | 7.30 | 7.85 | 2.73 | 4.57 | 2.08 | 4.75 | 3.32 | 4.12 | 1.59 | 4.08 | 1.40 | 4.15 | 8.06 | 8.08 | 8.34 | 8.36 | 8.75 | 8.38 | |
| TAC | 67.78 | 105.46 | 77.06 | 107.01 | 64.86 | 102.12 | 69.37 | 102.56 | 84.25 | 103.00 | 112.07 | 121.30 | 37.96 | 76.52 | 25.38 | 72.65 | 33.37 | 71.53 | 21.22 | 68.10 | 18.04 | 76.37 | 116.79 | 115.97 | 111.59 | 111.85 | 117.87 | 116.32 | |
| Yield | 36.35 | 28.58 | 38.26 | 31.41 | 36.08 | 29.95 | 39.41 | 32.14 | 38.12 | 37.53 | 34.75 | 37.90 | 38.84 | 18.08 | 35.62 | 13.22 | 38.27 | 17.80 | 35.42 | 16.52 | 41.00 | 20.24 | 35.68 | 34.54 | 35.68 | 35.61 | 35.54 | 35.40 | |
P: anthocyanin compound; TAC: Total anthocyanin content.