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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 12.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Epidemiol. 2017 Jul 14;27(8):472–478.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.07.004

Table 4.

Adjusted Current Asthma Prevalence Among Youth 2–19 Years of Age with Decomposition Analysis of Change Between 1988–1994 and 2011–2014, by Race/Ethnicity, United States

NH White NH Black Mexican Am
n 4204 4865 4385
2011–2014 10.3** 18.0** 8.1**
1988–1994 7.2** 8.4** 5.5**
Overall difference 3.0* 9.6** 2.6
 Endowment 0.6 0.7* 0.2
 Effect 3.1* 8.6** 2.4
 interaction −0.7 0.3 0.0
Endowment (difference in prevalence due to varying characteristics between time periods)
Weight status 0.5 0.5* 0.2
Age group 0.1 0.0 0.0
Sex 0.0 0.0 0.0
Income status 0.0 0.2 -0.1
Effect (difference in prevalence due to impact of characteristic on risk for asthma)
Weight status 3.1* 0.0 0.8
Age group 0.2 0.1 0.3
Sex 0.0 0.0 0.0
Income status 0.3 2.3* -0.8
Intercept −0.4 6.2* 2.0
*

P<0.05,

**

P<0.0001

FIPR=federal income to poverty ratio; NH=non-Hispanic

a

Asthma prevalence estimates adjusted for covariates shown in the table. Results rounded to nearest tenth percent, and therefore sums may differ due to rounding.

b

The prevalence estimates for endowment, effect, and interaction components sum to the overall change in asthma prevalence for each race/ethnicity group between 1988–1994 to 2011–2014. The endowment contributions for all variables sum to the overall endowment component, and the effect contributions for all variables and the intercept sum to the overall effect component. Estimates of the interaction between explained and unexplained differences are also produced by the model. None were statistically significant and are therefore not shown.