Table 3.
Roles of m6A in different viral infections.
| Virus type | Roles of m6A in the viral infection | Mechanisms | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| IAV | The addition of m6A residues in IAV transcripts could enhance viral gene expression and revealed increased pathogenicity in mice. | m6A increased IAV replication and infectious particle production. | Courtney et al., 2017 |
| HCV | m6A negatively regulates HCV infection. | YTHDF proteins relocalized at viral assembly sites to retain HCV RNA with m6A, leading to reduced HCV particle production. | Gokhale et al., 2016 |
| ZIKV | m6A methylome inhibit ZIKV infection. | YTHDF family proteins bound to m6A sites of ZIKV and decreased the viral titer. | Lichinchi et al., 2016b |
| VSV | m6A modifications play a negative role in the life cycle of VSV. | DDX46 recruited ALKBH5 via DDX46’s DEAD helicase domain to erase the m6A modification of three important antiviral transcripts MAVS, TRAF3, and TRAF6 and this caused decreased production of type I interferons. | Zheng et al., 2017 |
| EV71 | m6A modifications in EV71 RNA played a positive role in viral replication. | The genomic copy numbers of EV71 RNA were significantly decreased by silencing METTL3 gene and increased by FTO gene depletion. METTL3 interacted with viral RdRp 3D protein and induced enhanced sumoylation and ubiquitination of 3D, and further affected replication of EV71 | Hao et al., 2019 |
| KSHV | m6A modifications in KSHV might play different roles owing to different cell types during lytic replication. | m6A pathway promoted the production of KSHV virions in iSLK.219 and iSLK.BAC16 cells. In contrast, m6A suppressed ORF50 protein expression in KSHV infected B cells. | Hesser et al., 2018; Tan et al., 2018; Ye et al., 2017 |
| SV40 | m6A modifications play a positive influence in the regulation of the SV40 life cycle. | m6A induced faster viral replication, and larger viral plaques in BSC40 cells infected with SV40. | Tsai et al., 2018 |
| HBV | m6A regulates HBV RNAs in more than one way, hinging on its position in the RNA. | m6A located in HBV 3′UTRs and 3′ epsilon loop reduced the stability of these RNAs. However, m6A at the 5′epsilon loop, positively regulates pgRNA reverse transcription. | Imam et al., 2018 |