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. 2019 Mar 6;13:45. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00045

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Copyright © 2019 Colom-Lapetina, Li, Pelegrina-Perez and Shansky.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Sex differences in active and passive behavior during fear conditioning. (A) Females froze less than males during fear conditioning tone presentations. (B) Females froze less than males during a tone test in a new context 24 h after fear conditioning. (C) Females exhibited greater shock responses than males during fear conditioning, as measured by the maximum velocity reached. (D) Proportions of male and female cohorts that exhibited darting behavior. (E) Maximum tone velocity differed between female Darters and both males and female Non-Darters. *p < 0.05 main effect of sex; **p < 0.01 main effect of sex; ***p < 0.001 main effect of sex; ****p < 0.0001 adjusted post hoc, Darters vs. both males and female Non-darters.