Table 1.
Demographics of all subjects
| Controls | PD | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total subjects, n | 51 | 170 | |
| Age, years | 63.3 ± 7.4 | 66.6 ± 9.5 | 0.026 |
| Gender, % males | 43 | 58 | 0.057 |
| Age at onset, years | – | 61.5 ± 10.0 | |
| Disease duration, years | – | 5.0 ± 5.0 | |
| Hoehn & Yahr (%) | – | ||
|
Stage 1.0 Stage 1.5 Stage 2.0 Stage 2.5 Stage 3.0 Stage 4.0 |
6.5 7.7 64.5 9.5 5.3 6.5 |
||
| UPDRS II: ADLs | – | 9.0 ± 6.5 | |
| UPDRS III: Motor | – | 24.8 ± 12.5 | |
| MMSE score | 28.8 ± 1.3 | 25.4 ± 3.7 | <0.001 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or percentages (%).
PD, Parkinson's disease; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale; ADL, activities of daily living; MMSE, mini‐mental status examination.