Table 2.
Features associated with different plaque type.
| Clinical characteristic | Predominant plaque type | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None (n = 10) | Fibrous (n = 7) | Mean difference (95% CI) p value (fibrous: none) | Lipid (n = 7) | Mean difference (95% CI), p value (lipid: none) | Calcific (n = 10) | Mean difference (95% CI), p value (calcific: none) | |
| Age (years) | 65.8 ± 9.5 | 56.3 ± 9.6 | −9.50 (−19.52 to 0.52) p = 0.06 | 63.1 ± 7.4 | −2.70 (−11.86 to 6.46) p = 0.54 | 68.4 ± 9.4 | 2.6 (−6.28 to 11.48) p = 0.55 |
| Male | 10 (100%) | 5 (71%) | p = 0.15 | 7 (100%) | p = 1.00 | 7 (70%) | p = 0.21 |
| Hypertension | 5 (50%) | 6 (86%) | p = 0.30 | 6 (86%) | p = 0.30 | 9 (90%) | p = 0.14 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 124.0 ± 16.9 | 119.7 ± 11.3 | −4.30 (−19.97 to 11.37), p = 0.57 | 124.1 ± 9.5 | 0.10 (−15.0 to 15.3) p = 0.99 | 120.6 ± 10.0 | −3.40 (−16.45 to 9.64, p = 0.59 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 67.0 ± 13.4 | 76.6 ± 7.8 | 9.60 (−2.47 to 21.67) p = 0.11 | 73.9 ± 7.0 | 6.90 (−4.95 to 18.75) p = 0.22 | 70.8 ± 5.8 | 3.8 (CI −5.90 to 13.50), p = 0.42 |
| Mean arterial BP (mm Hg) | 86.1 ± 13.9 | 91.8 ± 8.0 | 5.70 (−6.80 to 18.20) p = 0.35 | 91.6 ± 4.2 | 5.50 (−6.15 to 17.15) p = 0.33 | 87.4 ± 3.4 | 1.30 (−8.21 to 10.81) p = 0.78 |
| Diabetes | 0 | 2 (29%) | p = 0.15 | 2 (29%) | p = 0.15 | 5 (50%) | p = 0.62 |
| Smoking history | 8 (80%) | 5 (71%) | p = 1.00 | 6 (86%) | p = 1.00 | 8 (80%) | p = 1.00 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 73 ± 17 | 76 ± 12 | 3 (−13.0 to 19) p = 0.69 | 76 ± 14 | 3 (−14 to 20) p = 0.71 | 68 ± 19.1 | −5 (−22 to 12) p = 0.54 |
| Angiography findings | |||||||
| LAD stenosis | 0 | 5 (71%) | p = 0.003 | 4 (57%) | p = 0.02 | 9 (90%) | p = 0.54 |
| Diseased vessel score (4 vessels studied) | 0.1 ± 0 | 1.0 ± 1.0 | p = 0.01 | 1.7 ± 1.4 | p = 0.002 | 2.2 ± 1.3 | p = 0.0001 |
| Number of stents | 0 ± 0 | 1.0 ± 1.0 | p = 0.006 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | p = 0.0001 | 1.9 ± 1.2 | p = 0.0001 |
| Plaque thickness | N/A | 0.15 ± 0.1 | 0.16 ± 0.1 | 0.01 (−0.11 to 0.13) p = 0.85 | 0.6 ± 3.2 | 0.45 (−2.15 to 3.05) p = 0.72 | |
| Plaque cap thickness | N/A | 0.67 ± 3.4 | 0.35 ± 3.9 | −0.32 (−4.58 to 3.94) p = 0.87 | 0.17 ± 0.13 | −0.50 (−2.76 to 1.76) p = 0.64 | |
| Plaque arc | N/A | 109 ± 49 | 116 ± 74 | 7 (−66.1 to 80.1) p = 0.84 | 71 ± 46 | −38 (−87.6 to 11.6) p = 0.12 | |
| Retinal abnormalities | |||||||
| Microvascular retinopathy Mild | 9 (90%) | 6 (86%) | p = 0.44 | 4 (57%) | p = 0.06 | 2 (20%) | p = 0.001 |
| Moderate | 0 | 1 (14%) | 3 (43%) | 8 (80%) | |||
| Haemorrhage | 0 | 1 (14%) | p = 0.41 | 3 (43%) | p = 0.05 | 7 (70%) | p = 0.003 |
| Exudates | 0 | 0 | p = 1.00 | 0 | p = 1.00 | 2 (20%) | p = 0.47 |
| CRAE (um) | 143.8 ± 10.6 | 145.4 ± 13.4 | 1.6 (−10.80 to 14.00) p = 0.79 | 134.1 ± 17.1 | −9.70 (−23.96 to 4.56) p = 0.17 | 158.4 ± 15.2 | 14.60 (2.90 to 26.91) p = 0.02 |
| CRVE (um) | 211.4 ± 10.1 | 212.5 ± 15.1 | 1.10 (−11.87 to 14.07) p = 0.86 | 196.7 ± 31.5 | −14.70 (−37.18 to 7.78) p = 0.18 | 219.3 ± 16.6 | 7.90 (−5.01 to 20.81), p = 0.21 |