Table 2.
Correlation coefficients of circulating trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) concentration, flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and various clinical variables.
| Variables | TMAO | FMD | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R | P value | R | P value | |
| Clinical variables | ||||
| Age (years) | 0.044 | 0.693 | 0.117 | 0.297 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | −0.035 | 0.756 | 0.028 | 0.804 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | −0.210 | 0.059 | 0.021 | 0.852 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | −0.279 | 0.012 | 0.284 | 0.011 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 0.177 | 0.126 | −0.007 | 0.954 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | −0.166 | 0.141 | 0.153 | 0.175 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 0.198 | 0.078 | −0.084 | 0.457 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 0.004 | 0.972 | 0.067 | 0.555 |
| Cardiac catheterization | ||||
| SYNTAX score | 0.244 | 0.034 | −0.145 | 0.211 |
| LVEDP (mmHg) | 0.059 | 0.636 | −0.146 | 0.238 |
| LVEF (%) | −0.207 | 0.063 | 0.123 | 0.272 |
| Inflammatory biomarkers | ||||
| hsCRP (mg/dL) | 0.276 | 0.013 | −0.450 | <0.001 |
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | 0.332 | 0.003 | −0.550 | <0.001 |
| TMAO (μmol/L) | — | — | −0.377 | 0.001 |
| Endothelial functions | ||||
| CD34+, KDR+ cells (%) | −0.260 | 0.019 | 0.307 | 0.005 |
| CD34+, KDR+, CD133+ cells (%) | −0.245 | 0.028 | 0.275 | 0.013 |
| Flow-mediated dilation (%) | −0.377 | 0.001 | — | — |
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LVEDP, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IL-1β, interkeukin-1β; KDR, kinase-insert domain-containing receptor.