Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Mar 12;9:4200. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41061-z

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

The mouse Gip promoter is regulated by HNF4α. (A) Schematic representation of the mouse Gip promoter with predicted binding sites for HNF4α and GATA4. Mutations introduced in these sites are indicated in red. (B) Luciferase assay using the −192 +39 Gip-PGL3basic and Empty-pGL3basic constructs with a combination of HNF4α and/or GATA4 expression vectors. Luciferase assays are representative of three independent.experiments and are presented as mean ± SEM; ****P < 0.0001. (C) EMSA analysis with HNF4α or (D) GATA4 nuclear extracts of each potential binding site. Lines 1, 5 and 9 show ³²P-labelled probes with nuclear extracts; lines 2, 6 and 10 show ³²P-labelled probes with nuclear extracts and antibodies; lines 3, 7 and 11 show ³²P-labelled probes with nuclear extracts and irrelevant antibodies; lines 4, 8 and 12 show ³²P-labelled probe with nuclear extracts from non-transfected empty cells. White arrowheads point to supershifted complexes while black arrowheads depict retarded complexes. Full length gels of these analyses are provided in Supplementary Fig. 2. (E) Luciferase assay using the −192 +39 Gip-PGL3 wild-type or mutated promoter constructs in combination of HNF4α (H) and/or GATA4 (G) expression vectors. Mutation effects on luciferase activity are evaluated against the wild-type promoter for each condition. Luciferase assays are representative of three independent experiments and are presented as mean ± SEM; *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.