Fig. 2.

Indexing cellular and soluble immune markers revealed developmental progression over the first week of life. a, b Principal component analysis was used to plot cellular composition (a) and plasma cytokines/chemokine concentration (b) for each sample; this highlighted the substantial variability between participants and lack of defined clustering by DOL due to higher influence of individual variance over ontogeny. c, d Accounting for repeat measures from the same individual across different sampling days compared to DOL0 (indexing to DOL0) revealed sample clustering by DOL between samples. e, f Normalized cell counts showing developmental trajectories for cell populations that significantly changed (e) or did not change (f) over the first week of life. g, h Normalized plasma cytokine/chemokine concentrations showing developmental trajectories for cytokines/chemokines that significantly changed (g) or did not change (h) over the first week of life. Boxplots display medians with lower and upper hinges representing first and third quartiles. Whiskers reach the highest and lowest values, no more than 1.5× interquartile range from the hinge. ****p ≤ 0.0001, ***p ≤ 0.001, **p ≤ 0.01, *p ≤ 0.05, ns p > 0.05, Kruskal−Wallis test, Benjamini−Hochberg adjusted p values. DOL: day of life