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. 2019 Mar 12;9:4281. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40903-0

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Effect of CTX on MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF and TNF-α release by macrophages. Macrophages (1 × 106/mL) were adhered for 1 hour and incubated in the absence or presence of CTX (12.5 nM) for 2 hours at 37 °C and 5% CO2. After this period, the plates were washed and incubated for 24 h in the presence of the fresh medium. Then, the supernatants were collected for determination of the concentration of MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF and TNF-α by means of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using a commercial kit. Data are mean ± S.E.M. Data are the average of four samples of each group ± S.E.M and represent two distinct trials. In (A,B) *p < 0.0001, significantly different from mean values for control group. In (C) *p < 0.01, compared with the respective control group.