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. 2019 Mar 12;9:4224. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39730-0

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Resistance phenotypes of all 198 E. coli isolates to 12 beta-lactams. (A) Tabular representation of the results of sensitivity tests, interpreted and classified into resistant (R), intermediate (I) and sensitive (S) according to CLSI²⁴. (B) A transposed heatmap representing the resistance phenotypes of each isolate according to the color code shown in the figure key (red = resistant; yellow = intermediate; and green = sensitive). Isolates are shown on the X-axis and antibiotics on the Y-axis. Both isolates and antibiotics are ordered by hierarchical clustering, reflected by the horizontal and vertical trees, respectively. Antibiotic abbreviations are used as tabulated in A. Four clusters of interest (w, x, y, and z) representing different resistance patterns are annotated at the bottom of the heatmap. The heatmap was created in R by the basic heatmap function. C. A stacked bar plot summarizing the disc diffusion resistance patterns of the 198 E. coli isolates to 12 antibiotics (Y axis). Antibiotics are sorted by the same order in which they are clustered in B.