. 2018 Feb 26;10(3):235. doi: 10.3390/polym10030235

Table 2.

Chitosan-Pectin PEC nanoparticles. The intervals shown generally indicate extreme values obtained under different preparation conditions.

Procedure	Active agent	Particle size (nm)	Zeta-potential (mV)	Ref.
Complex coacervation
Pectin added into CS	Insulin	441 ± 32 ^a		[86]
		580–896 ^b	+62 ± 3 ^b
		* 650 ± 86 ^b	+33 ± 4 ^b
	Curcumin	10–59 (dry NPs)		[87]
	Insulin	1175–2618 ^a	−22.5 to +35.0 ^a	[23]
	Insulin	964–2510 ^b	−22.4 to +33.2 ^b	[23]
	Nisin	301–712 ^b		[88]
	None	560–1000	+20 to +26	[84]
CS added into Pectin	None	460–1110	+19 to +28	[84]
Combined ionotropic gelation and complex coacervation
Pectin + TPP added into CS	Insulin	375–7239	+10.6 to +32.7	[86]
CS added into Pectin + TPP	OVA	250–750 ^a	−20 to −29 ^a	[85]
CS + TPP added into Pectin	BSA	200–400 ^a	−15 to −45 ^a	[85]
CS + TPP added into Pectin	BSA	700–1250 ^b	−38 ^b	[85]
Ionotropic pregelation of pectin plus PEC coating with CS
CS added into Pectin + CaCl₂	OVA	419 ^a	−30.4 ^a	[84]
CS added into Pectin + CaCl₂	OVA	302–409 ^b	−21.9 to −26.0 ^b	[84]

^a Unloaded particle; ^b loaded particle * The CS solution contained Ca²⁺ ions.