Fig. 3.

Relative risk of stunting associated with the number of co-occurring risk factors. Stunting was classified using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 reference. Dashed line represents null association (relative risk of 1); error bars denote 95% confidence interval. Risk factors included: Malay ethnicity, child underweight, maternal height <145 cm, living in a household with unprotected drinking water source (unprotected dug well, or water taken directly from pond or stream), living in household with no bucket or hanging latrine and living in a household with a shared toilet. Estimates are based on Poisson regression models adjusted for the child's age, sex and body mass index-for-age status, birth order, maternal current underweight, rooms per household member, household's main method of garbage disposal and for clustering at the household level.