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. 2019 Mar 6;10:354. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00354

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Copyright © 2019 Zhang, Wang, Wu, Li, Jiang, Guo, Feng and Xiao.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of the polyclonal anti-INS19 antiserum on C. parvum infection of HCT-8 cells (A) and MDBK cells (B). Cultures infected with sporozoites in polyclonal anti-INS19 antiserum or pre-immune serum diluted 1:1,000, 1:500, and 1:100 were treatment groups, whereas cultures infected with sporozoites in serum-free medium were used as controls. In each group, 50 random 200 × fields in immunofluorescence microscopy were analyzed for parasite load. The average number of parasites per field in each group was used to calculate the inhibition rate of C. parvum invasion. Each bar represents the mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.