Table 3.
Association of estimated urinary sodium excretion with mortality and cardiovascular events (subgroup analysis). Values are hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)
| Tertiles | Estimated sodium excretion (g/day) | P for interaction | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <3 (n=11 002) | 3-3.99 (n=21 417) | 4-4.99 (n=26 012) | 5-5.99 (n=21 093) | 6-6.99 (n=12 458) | ≥7 (n=11 218) | ||
| Potassium excretion (g/day): | |||||||
| <1.8 | 1.14 (1.00 to 1.30) | 1.02 (0.91 to 1.14) | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.89 to 1.16) | 1.15 (0.97 to 1.36) | 1.27 (1.04 to 1.54) | P=0.93 (<median sodium excretion) P=0.007 (>median sodium excretion) |
| 1.8-2.3 | 1.16 (0.97 to 1.38) | 1.11 (0.97 to 1.26) | 1.00 | 1.16 (1.03 to 1.31) | 1.17 (1.01 to 1.36) | 1.47 (1.26 to 1.71) | |
| >2.3 | 1.12 (0.91 to 1.39) | 1.02 (0.88 to 1.18) | 1.00 | 1.08 (0.95 to 1.22) | 1.01 (0.88 to 1.16) | 1.11 (0.96 to 1.27) | |
| Modified alternative healthy eating index score: | |||||||
| <31.3 | 1.18 (1.01 to 1.38) | 1.10 (0.97 to 1.25) | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.98 to 1.25) | 1.07 (0.92 to 1.25) | 1.47 (1.26 to 1.73) | P=0.87 (<median sodium excretion) P=0.30 (>median sodium excretion) |
| 31.3-38.4 | 1.24 (1.06 to 1.46) | 1.09 (0.96 to 1.25) | 1.00 | 1.14 (1.01 to 1.30) | 1.12 (0.97 to 1.30) | 1.22 (1.05 to 1.43) | |
| >38.4 | 1.09 (0.92 to 1.29) | 1.03 (0.90 to 1.17) | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.88 to 1.14) | 0.99 (0.85 to 1.14) | 1.06 (0.91 to 1.23) | |
Adjusted for age (included as spline function), sex, education, current and former alcohol intake (units per week), diabetes mellitus, body mass index, physical activity, history of cardiovascular events, use of cardiovascular medications (blood pressure lowering, statins, or antidiabetics), history of tuberculosis, cancer, HIV, and current and former smoking.