Table II.
Risk and Protective Factors for Depression: OLS Regression Results.
| Step 1 |
Step 2 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VARIABLE | B (SE) | Beta | B (SE) | Beta |
| RESPONDENT STATUS | ||||
| Homebound respondents (Senior center participants) | 1.071 (0.445)★ | 0.176 | 0.293 (0.489) | 0.048 |
| DEMOGRAPHICS | ||||
| Age | −0.026 (0.023) | −0.075 | −0.010 (0.022) | −0.029 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| African American | −0.364 (0.405) | −0.059 | −0.187 (0.441) | −0.030 |
| Hispanic (Non-Hispanic white) | 0.233 (0.481) | 0.036 | 0.448 (0.473) | 0.069 |
| Female | −0.142 (0.417) | −0.019 | −0.234 (0.401) | −0.031 |
| Married | −0.001 (0.415) | −0.001 | 0.115 (0.394) | 0.016 |
| Level of education | 0.041 (0.118) | 0.021 | 0.004 (0.116) | 0.002 |
| Financial situation (1–4) | −0.592 (0.217)★★ | −0.162 | −0.462 (0.207)★ | −0.126 |
| HEALTH AND LIFE STRESSORS | ||||
| Number of medical conditions | 0.298 (0.118)★ | 0.142 | 0.277 (0.114)★ | 0.132 |
| Number of ADL/IADL impairments | 0.364 (0.124)★★ | 0.193 | 0.268 (0.118)★ | 0.143 |
| Have ever received mental health treatment | 0.785 (0.373)★ | 0.121 | 0.590 (0.351)† | 0.091 |
| Number of stressful life events (in preceding 2 years) | 0.197 (0.125) | 0.090 | 0.264 (0.121)★ | 0.120 |
| Serious problem of loneliness | 1.633 (0.470)★★★ | 0.200 | 1.983 (0.451)★★★ | 0.243 |
| Too much dependence on others | 0.835 (0.446)† | 0.115 | 0.597 (0.428) | 0.082 |
| SOCIAL SUPPORT, RELIGIOUSNESS, AND EXERCISE | ||||
| Social Support Network Scale-Family | −0.083 (0.029)★★ | −0.169 | ||
| Social Support Network Scale-Neighbors | 0.054 (0.026)★ | 0.108 | ||
| Social Support Network Scale-Friends | −0.006 (0.027) | −0.014 | ||
| Frequency of attendance in religious services | −0.135 (0.082) | −0.118 | ||
| Pray frequently when sad, blue, depressed | 0.344 (0.375) | 0.053 | ||
| Physical exercise | ||||
| At least 3 times weekly | −1.594 (0.410)★★★ | −0.269 | ||
| 1–2 times weekly (Do not exercise) | −0.669 (0.472) | −0.090 | ||
| Constant | 3.976 (1.850)★ | 5.118 (1.820)★★ | ||
| R2 | 0.457 | 0.545 | ||
| Adjusted R2 | 0.419 | 0.495 | ||
Note: N = 211.The change in R2 from the step 1 model to the step 2 model was statistically significant at p<0.001.
★★★
p<0.001
★★
p<0.01
★
p<0.05
†
p<0.10