Table 2.

Recent researches on EC biosensors based on CNTs

Target	Transducer	Considerations	References
Fe2+ and Fe3+ions	Electrode	CNT electrodes modified with bismuth acetate and magnetic nano-particles	Jothimuthu et al. (2016)
DNA	Electrode	A SWCNT membrane assembled on a chromium/gold electrode using the dielectrophoresis technique with a sensitivity limit of 50 nM and advantages of achieving a low-noise frequency output along with real-time detection based on solution, on-chip integration capability	Wang et al. (2015)
Aptamer	Nanoparticles/electrode	Catalytic activity of Ag NPs toward the reduction of onitrophenol to oaminophenol by NaBH4. Comparison of the electric signals from the electrodeposition product of o-aminophenol and MWCNT on a screen-printed electrode	Song et al. (2016)
Enzyme	Field-effect transistor (FET)	Electrolyte-gated CNT-FETs have been used as an ion- and pH-sensing platform with detection limit of 100 uM	Melzer et al. (2016)
Protein	FET	A conducting copolymer functionalized with SWCNTs-based biosensor was used with a detection limit of 24.2 pg mL”1 to detect cardiac myoglobin	Puri et al. (2014)
Protein	Electrode	SWCNT deposited on two Au/ITO (indium tin oxide) electrodes combined with monoclonal antibodies specific for osteopontin (a protein which is seen during cancer) immobilized covalently on SWCNTs. The detection limit reported was 0.3 pg mL”1	Sharma et al. (2015)
Glucose	Nanowires	Both CNTs and reduced graphene oxide nanosheets were utilized in combination with Au nanowires to make a glucose sensor with a detection limit of 20 uM	Qinetal. (2016)
Cancer cell	Electrode	SWCNT arrays coated with anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule antibodies to detect the breast cancer cell line MCF7 with 91% sensitivity, 82% specificity and 86% accuracy in the blind classification test	Khosravi et al. (2016)