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. 2019 Mar 13;9:4407. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36344-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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AKF-PD reduces ROS in HG-treated HMCs. HMCs were treated as indicated. Cellular ROS was probed by Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay which producedgreen fluorescence directly proportional to the intracellular ROS production. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.000 in comparison to Ctrl group; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.0001 in comparison to HG-treated group.