Fig. 2.

Change in the cost of informal dementia care with varying apathy NPI-SD scores. This figure displays increasing costs over time and with increasing dementia severity (decreasing Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score each year), holding apathy NPI-SD score constant at values 0, 2, 4, and 8 for a hypothetical participant with a nonvascular form of dementia and in good/excellent general health. Note: MMSE scores at each time point were estimated from a linear mixed effects model from these data, controlling for age. Estimated MMSE score for an 82-year-old participant at intercept was 27.23 points and average MMSE score decline was estimated at 1.67 points per year.