Table 2.

Secondary outcomes, items, response options, and coding procedures.

Secondary outcome		Items	Response options	Coding procedure
Help-seeking intentions, self-efficacy, and behaviors
	Help-seeking intentions for personal or emotional problems, adapted from [93]	If you were having a personal or emotional problem, how likely is that you would seek help from the following people?—parent or guardian; other relative or family member; teacher; intimate partner (such as girlfriend or boyfriend); friend (someone not related to you); mental health professional (such as a psychologist, social worker, counselor); phone or text/chat help line (such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline or the Trevor Project); website help resources (such as StopBullying.gov); doctor or primary care provider; minister or religious leader (eg, priest, rabbi, chaplain); I would not seek help from anyone; I would seek help from another person/place not listed above	7-point Likert scale, ranging from “extremely unlikely” (1) to “extremely likely” (7)	Mean score averaged across all items and for each item individually
	Help-seeking intentions for suicidality, adapted from [93]	If you were experiencing suicidal thoughts, how likely is that you would seek help from the following people?—parent or guardian; other relative or family member; teacher; intimate partner (such as girlfriend or boyfriend); friend (someone not related to you); mental health professional (such as a psychologist, social worker, counselor); phone or text/chat help line (such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline or the Trevor Project); website help resources (such as StopBullying.gov); doctor or primary care provider; minister or religious leader (eg, priest, rabbi, and chaplain); I would not seek help from anyone; I would seek help from another person/place not listed above	7-point Likert scale, ranging from “extremely unlikely” (1) to “extremely likely” (7)	Mean score averaged across all items and for each item individually
	Help-seeking self-efficacy [94,95]	Please rate how certain you are that you can do each of the things described; Enlisting social resources subscale —how well can you get teachers to help you when you get stuck on schoolwork? how well can you get another student to help you when you get stuck on schoolwork? how well can you get adults to help you when you have social problems? how well can you get a friend to help you when you have social problems?; Enlisting parental and community support subscale —how much can you get your parent(s) to help you with a problem? how well can you get your brother(s) and sister(s) to help you with a problem? how well can you get your parents to take part in school activities? how well can you get people outside the school to take an interest in your school (community groups, churches)?	7-point Likert scale, ranging from “not at all well” (1) to “very well” (7)	Mean score for each subscale separately
	Help-seeking behaviors, adapted from [96]	In the past month, how often have you: Parent and guardian help-seeking subscale —asked your parents/guardians for help? talked to your parents/guardians about personal problems? talked to your parents/guardians about problems at school?; Relative/family help-seeking subscale —asked a relative/family member for help? talked to a relative/family member about personal problems? talked to a relative/family member about problems at school?; Teacher help-seeking subscale —asked a teacher for help? talked to a teacher about personal problems? talked to a teacher about problems at school?; Friend help-seeking subscale —asked a friend for help? talked to a friend about personal problems? talked to a friend about problems at school?; Mental health provider help-seeking subscale —asked a mental health professional (such as a psychologist, social worker, counselor) for help? talked to a mental health professional about personal problems? talked to a mental health professional about problems at school?; Help line help-seeking subscale —asked a person from a phone or text/chat help line (such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline or the Trevor Project) for help? talked to a person from a phone or text/chat help line about personal problems? talked to a person from a phone or text/chat help line about problems at school?; Doctor help-seeking subscale —asked a doctor or nurse for help? talked to a doctor or nurse about personal problems? talked to a doctor or nurse about problems at school?	5-point Likert scale: Never; Rarely; Occasionally; A moderate amount; A great deal	Mean score for each subscale separately
Coping strategies and flexibility
	Coping skill usage [88]	Assessed using the Short form of the Adolescent Coping Scale Second Edition Short Form (ACS-2) [88]. For proprietary reasons, we do not list specific items. Productive (problem-solving) coping subscale contains 10 items; Nonproductive (passive avoidant) coping subscale contains 8 items (reverse coded)	5-point Likert Scale, ranging from “never” (1) to “very often” (5)	Mean score for each subscale separately
	Coping flexibility [97]	Please indicate how these situations apply to you by choosing one of the following for each situation: Evaluation coping subscale —I only use certain ways to cope with stress (reverse-coded); I am aware of how successful or unsuccessful my attempts to cope with stress have been; I fail to notice when I have been unable to cope with stress (reverse-coded); if I feel that I have failed to cope with stress, I change the way in which I deal with stress; after coping with stress, I think about how well my ways of coping with stress worked or did not work; Adaptive coping subscale —when a stressful situation has not improved, I try to think of other ways to cope with it; when stressed, I use several ways to cope and make the situation better; when I haven’t coped with a stressful situation well, I use other ways to cope with that situation; if a stressful situation has not improved, I use other ways to cope with that situation; if I have failed to cope with stress, I think of other ways to cope	4-point Likert Scale: Not applicable; Somewhat applicable; Applicable; Very applicable	Mean score for each subscale separately
Knowledge and use of Web-based resources
	Knowledge of Web-based resources	Have you heard of any of these websites?—The Trevor Project; It Gets Better; GLAAD; Accredited Schools online; Teen Line; GSAa Network. (Links to each website were provided for reference.)	Yes; No; Unsure	Summary score that adds together all “yes” response options
	Use of Web-based resources	Have you visited any of these websites in the past month?—The Trevor Project; It Gets Better; GLAAD; Accredited Schools online; Teen Line; GSAa Network. (Links to each website were provided for reference.)	Yes; No; Unsure	Summary score that adds together all “yes” response options

^aGSA: gay-straight alliance or gender and sexuality alliance.