Table 3.
Overall summary in comparison with the UK Update report
| Clinical condition | UK update (1) summary | Studies in current review | Intervention | Citations | Quality | Sample size | Results of study | Current study overall summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal Conditions | ||||||||
| Constipation | Not evaluated | 1 OBS | OMT | Tarsuslu, 2009 [18] | Medium | 13 | No difference | Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Infantile Colic | Inconclusive/ favorable | 3 RCT 1 OBS |
CMT | Miller, 2012 [19] Wiberg, 2010 [20] Browning, 2008 [21] Olafsdottir, 2001 [22] |
High Low High High |
104 749 43 86 |
Improvement No improvement No difference No difference |
Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Infantile Colic | Inconclusive/ favorable | 1 RCT | OMT/CST | Hayden, 2006 [23] | Medium | 28 | Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Pediatric dysfunctional voiding | Inconclusive/ favorable | 1 RCT | OMT | Nemett, 2008 [24] | Medium | 21 | Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Pediatric nocturnal enuresis | Inconclusive/ favorable | 1 OBS | CMT | van Poecke, 2009 [25] | Medium | 33 | Improvement | Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Suboptimal infant breastfeeding | Not evaluated | 2 OBS | CMT/CST | Miller, 2009 [26] Vallone, 2004 [27] |
Medium Low |
114 25 |
Improvement Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Musculoskeletal Conditions | ||||||||
| Clubfoot | Not evaluated | 1 RCT | MT | Nilgun, 2011 [28] | Low | 29 | Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Cuboid Syndrome | Not evaluated | 1 OBS | MT | Jennings, 2005 [29] | Medium | 2 | Improvement | Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Headache | Not evaluated for pediatrics | 1 OBS | OMT | Przekop, 2016 [30] | Medium | 83 | Improvement | Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Headache | Not evaluated for pediatrics | 1 RCT | MT | Borusiak, 2010 [31] | Medium | 52 | No difference | Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Headache | Not evaluated for pediatrics | 1 OBS | CMT | Marchand, 2009 [32] | Low | 13 | Improvement | Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Low Back Pain | Not evaluated | 1 RCT 1 OBS |
CMT | Evans, 2018 [33] Hayden J, 2003 [36] |
High Medium | 185 54 |
Improvement Improvement |
Moderate (favorable) |
| Low back pain | Not evaluated | 1 OBS 1 RCT |
MT | Walston, 2016 [34] Selhorst, 2015 [35] |
Medium Medium |
3 35 |
Improvement No difference |
Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Pulled (Nursemaid’s) Elbow | Not evaluated | 2 RCT | MT | Garcia-Mata, 2014 [37] Bek, 2009 [38] |
Medium Medium |
115 66 |
Improvement Improvement |
Moderate (favorable) |
| Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction | Not evaluated for pediatrics | 1 RCT | OMT | Monaco, 2008 [39] | Low | 28 | Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Respiratory Conditions | ||||||||
| Asthma | Not evaluated for pediatrics | 1 RCT | OMT | Guiney, 2005 [40] | Medium | 140 | Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Asthma | Not evaluated for pediatrics | 1 RCT | CMT | Bronfort, 2001 [41] | High | 34 | No improvement | Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Obstructive apnea | Not evaluated | 1 RCT | OMT | Vandenplas, 2008 [42] | Medium | 34 | Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Otitis Media | Inconclusive/ unclear | 3 RCT 1 OBS |
OMT | Steele, 2014 [43] Wahl, 2008 [44] Degenhardt, 2006 [45] Mills, 2003 [47] |
Medium High Medium High |
34 90 8 57 |
Improvement No difference Improvement Improvement |
Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Otitis Media | Not evaluated | 1 OBS | CMT | Zhang, 2004 [46] | Medium | 22 | Improvement | Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Special Needs | ||||||||
| ADHD | Inconclusive/ unclear | 1 RCT | OMT | Accorsi, 2014 [48] | High | 28 | Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Autism | Not evaluated | 1 OBS | VOMT | Bramati-Castellarian, 2016 [49] | Medium | 49 | Improvement | Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Not evaluated | 1 RCT | CMT | Khorshid, 2006 [50] | Low | 14 | Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) | |
| Cerebral Palsy | Inconclusive/ unclear | 3 RCT | OMT | Wyatt, 2011 [51] Duncan, 2008 [53] Duncan, 2004 [52] |
High High Low |
142 55 50 |
No improvement Improvement Improvement |
Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Preterm infants | Inconclusive/ unclear | 4 RCT | OMT/CST | Raith, 2015 [54] Cerretelli, 2015 [55] Pizzolorusso, 2014 [56] Cerretelli, 2013 [57] |
High High High High |
30 695 110 110 |
No difference Improvement Improvement Improvement |
Inconclusive/unclear for general movement Moderate (favorable) length of stay and hospital costs |
| Structural Conditions | ||||||||
| Cranial asymmetry | Not evaluated | 1 RCT | MT/CST | Cabrera-Martos, 2016 [58] | High | 46 | Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Not evaluated | 1 OBS | OMT | Lessard, 2011 [59] | Medium | 12 | Improvement | Inconclusive (unclear) | |
| Postural Asymmetry | Not evaluated | 1 RCT | OMT/CST | Phillippi, 2006 [60] | High | 32 | Improvement | Inconclusive (favorable) |
| Scoliosis | Not evaluated | 1 RCT 3 OBS |
CMT | Byun, 2016 [61] Rowe, 2006 [62] Morningstar, 2004 [63] Lantz, 2001 [64] |
Medium High Low Medium |
5 6 6 42 |
Improvement No difference Improvement No improvement |
Inconclusive (unclear) |
| Scoliosis | Not evaluated | 1 RCT | OMT | Hasler, 2010 [65] | High | 20 | No improvement | Inconclusive (unfavorable) |
| Torticollis | Not evaluated | 1 RCT | MT | Haugen, 2011 [66] | Medium | 32 | No difference | Inconclusive (unfavorable) |
| Upper cervical dysfunction | Not evaluated | 1 OBS | MT | Saedt, 2017 [67] | High | 307 | Improvement | Inconclusive (unclear) |