Table 8.
Condition | Author/year | Study objective | Study design sample size intervention | Patient description/ condition | Primary/main outcome(s) | Main results/conclusions | Adverse events |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asthma | Guiney P, et al. 2005 [40] | To demonstrate the therapeutic relevance of osteopathic manipulation in the pediatric asthma population. | RCT n = 140 OMT |
Children ages 5–17, diagnosed with asthma by guidelines from NIH | Peak Expiratory Flow Rates | There was statistically significant improvement of 7 L per minute to 9 L per minute for peak expiratory flow rates in the treatment group. | There was no mention of adverse events made in this study. |
Bronfort G, et al. 2001 [41] | To determine if chiropractic manipulative therapy in addition to optimal medical management resulted in clinically important changes in asthma-related outcomes. | RCT n = 34 CMT |
Children ages 6–17, with persistent asthma | Pulmonary function tests, diary recording peak expiratory flow and inhaler use, questionnaires assessing quality of life, asthma severity and improvement | Little to no change in pulmonary function tests at 12 weeks and no change in patient, parent/guardian or pulmonologist rated improvement | There was no mention of adverse events made in this study. | |
Obstructive Apnea | Vandenplas Y, et al. 2008 [42] | To evaluate if osteopathy can influence the incidence of obstructive apnea during sleep in infants. | RCT n = 34 OMT |
Infants aged 1.5–4 months, with obstructive apnea as determined by a polysomnographic test | Decrease in the number of obstructive apneas as measured by polysomnography. | Infants aged 1.5–4 months, with obstructive apnea as determined by polysomnographic | There was no mention of adverse events made in this study. |
Otitis Media | Steele D, et al.2014 [43] | To evaluate the efficacy of an osteopathic manipulative treatment protocol on middle ear effusion resolution following acute otitis media. | RCT n = 52 OMT |
Infant ages 6–24 months, with acute otitis media and abnormal tomogram | Tympanometer and acoustic reflectometer | Both tympanometer data and acoustic reflectometer analysis demonstrated significantly significant improvement in middle ear effusion at visit 3 in the standard care plus osteopathic treatment group. | There were no serious adverse events reported during the study. |
Wahl R, et al. 2008 [44] | To assess the efficacy of Echinacea and osteopathic manipulative treatment for preventing acute otitis media. | RCT n = 90 OMT |
Children aged 12–60 months, with recurrent otitis media | Reduction in future episodes of OM | No interaction was found between Echinacea and osteopathic manipulation. Echinacea was associated with a borderline increased risk of having at least one episode of acute otitis media during 6-month follow-up compared to placebo. Osteopathic manipulation did not significantly affect risk compared to sham. | “One subject withdrew from the study following an adverse effect (vomiting after taking the Echinacea placebo). One additional subject reported adverse effects (vomiting and non-urticarial rash 2 days after starting Echinacea for a viral upper respiratory illness) but did not withdraw. Neither adverse effect was considered to have been caused by the study medication. | |
Degenhardt B & Kuchera M, 2006 [45] | Does osteopathic manipulation decrease the recurrence of otitis media? | Before-After n = 8 OMT/CST |
Infants ages 7–35 months, with recurrent otitis media | Decreased incidence of acute otitis media | 5 participants had no recurrence after 1 year follow-up. 1 participant had 1 recurrence. 2 participants had a short-term of no recurrence only. | There is no mention of adverse events made in this study. | |
Zhang J & Snyder B, 2004 [46] | To study the effect of Toftness chiropractic adjustment for acute otitis media. | Before-After n = 22 CMT |
Children ages 9 months −9 years, with acute otitis media | Tympanic Membrane visualization via otoscopic exam and oral temperature | After Toftness chiropractic adjustment, red and bulging tympanic membrane returned to normal in 95% of children. A decrease in average oral temperature was noted. | “During the study protocol, no side effects or deterioration of clinical presentations were found among 21 children with otitis media.” | |
Mills M, et al. 2003 [47] | To evaluate the effect of usual care and osteopathic manipulation for children with acute otitis media. | RCT n = 57 OMT |
Children ages 6 months - 6 years, with recurrent otitis media | Decreased frequency of acute otitis media, antibiotic us, surgical interventions, and improved tympanometric and audiometric performance | Intervention group had fewer episodes of acute otitis media, fewer surgical procedures and an increased frequency of more normal tympanogram readings. | There were no adverse events reported during the study. |