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. 2019 Mar 7;10:117. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00117

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Copyright © 2019 Stewart, May, Aupperle and Bodurka.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Brain regions and processes that potentially map onto Negative Reinforcement and Anticipation/Preoccupation stages of the Three-Stage Model of Addiction (1, 15). EEG, electroencephalography; ERN, error related negativity.