Table 2.
Morphological and anatomical traits in the leaves of soybean, French bean and azuki bean before and after the experimental treatments
| 6 DAT | 10 DAT | 15 DAT | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ct0 | Ct | De | LN | LNDe | HL | Ct | De | Ct | De | ||
| LMA (g m–2) | Soybean | 33.8 ± 2.5 | 42.9 ± 6.0* | 61.7 ± 8.5* | 57.6 ± 6.7* | 66.8 ± 8.5* | 63.4 ± 7.7** | 53.3 ± 6.4 | 89.3 ± 4.3** | 65.7 ± 7.5 | 124.1 ± 11.3 |
| French bean | 45.4 ± | 4.0 | 42.3 ± 8.3n.s. | 51.8 ± 12.2* | 69.9 ± 14.7* | 74.6 ± 9.6* | 64.0 ± 5.9 | ||||
| Azuki bean | 44.5 ± 5.7 | 62.1 ± 13.1n.s. | 67.5 ± 7.5n.s. | 65.8 ± 8.1n.s. | 75.8 ± 8.3* | 81.4 ± 15.2 | |||||
| sLMA (g m–2) | Soybean | 27.0 ± 1.3 | 33.0 ± 2.9* | 51.7 ± 5.8* | 35.0 ± 3.8* | 46.8 ± 4.6* | 43.3 ± 4.3** | 35.9 ± 3.3 | 69.7 ± 3.3** | 38.9 ± 3.1 | 88.0 ± 5.2 |
| French bean | 33.9 ± 1.8 | 31.6 ± 5.7* | 39.6 ± 7.1n.s. | 33.7 ± 5.2n.s. | 38.6 ± 6.2* | 46.3 ± 3.0 | |||||
| Azuki bean | 30.2 ± 2.3 | 37.7 ± 5.3n.s. | 43.3 ± 3.3n.s. | 35.1 ± 3.0n.s. | 40.4 ± 3.8* | 48.5 ± 7.0 | |||||
| Leaf thickness (μm) | Soybean | 197 ± 15 | 283 ± 31* | 344 ± 32n.s. | 248 ± 27n.s. | 296 ± 15n.s. | 295 ± 30n.s. | 313 ± 47 | 341 ± 36** | 273 ± 21 | 416 ± 21 |
| French bean | 253 ± 42 | 379 ± 60n.s. | 425 ± 67* | 287 ± 28n.s. | 326 ± 94n.s. | 420 ± 49 | |||||
| Azuki bean | 230 ± 28 | 247 ± 37* | 301 ± 18n.s. | 224 ± 20n.s. | 235 ± 25n.s. | 253 ± 33 | |||||
| Intercellular air space (%) | Soybean | 33.0 ± 4.1 | 31.3 ± 3.1* | 25.3 ± 2.8n.s. | 31.2 ± 6.4n.s. | 30.7 ± 3.5n.s. | 28.2 ± 5.3n.s. | 29.0 ± 5.1 | 27.4 ± 5.2** | 31.5 ± 5.5 | 25.3 ± 3.6 |
| French bean | 25.6 ± 3.8 | 30.7 ± 2.8n.s. | 31.1 ± 4.1* | 24.4 ± 5.5n.s. | 28.0 ± 1.9* | 22.5 ± 4.8 | |||||
| Azuki bean | 23.0 ± 4.8 | 24.4 ± | 4.6n.s. | 25.6 ± 3.6n.s. | 22.5 ± 3.0n.s. | 20.1 ± 4.6n.s. | 21.9 ± 2.8 | ||||
| Average mesophyl cell size (μm2) | Soybean | 450 ± 54 | 671 ± 93* | 917 ± 137* | 533 ± 82n.s. | 688 ± 72n.s. | 668 ± 54n.s. | 690 ± 211 | 810 ± 145** | 652 ± 88 | 1178 ± 203 |
| French bean | 503 ± 136 | 906 ± 156n.s. | 1081 ± 212n.s. | 716 ± 130n.s. | 735 ± 220n.s. | 1081 ± 87 | |||||
| Azuki bean | 446 ± 49 | 575 ± 35* | 699 ± 81n.s. | 497 ± 52n.s. | 551 ± 58n.s. | 585 ± 84 |
Abbreviations are as in Fig. 1. Leaf mass per area (LMA), structural LMA (sLMA), leaf thickness, intercellular air space and average mesophyll cell size of Ct, De, LN, LNDe and HL in all the species were obtained at 6 days after the treatments (DAT), and those of Ct and De in soybean were also obtained at 10 and 15 DAT.
Values are means ± s.d. (n = 6–12). Values of Ct were compared with those of De, LN, LNDe and HL by Dunnett’s test (*P < 0.05, n.s. P > 0.05) following ANOVA. Values of Ct and De in soybean at 10 and 15 DAT were compared by Student’s t-test (**P < 0.01, *P < 0.05, n.s. P > 0.05).