Table 2. Chemicals with sufficient evidence for carcinogenicity in humans.
| Agent | Target organ | GTX | Agent | Target organ | GTX |
| 4-Aminobiphenyl a | Urinary bladder | + | Ethylene oxide a | Hematopoietic system | + |
| Acetaldehyde associated with consumption of alcoholic beverages a | Upper GI tract, colon, liver, breast (females) | ± | Etoposide alone, and in combination with cisplatin and bleomycin | Hematopoietic system | + |
| Aflatoxins a | Liver | + | Formaldehyde a | Nasopharynx, hematopoietic system | + |
| Arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds a | Urinary bladder, skin, lungs | Oxidative DNA damage | Lindane | Hematopoietic system | – |
| Azathioprine a | Hematopoietic system, skin | + | Melphalan a | Hematopoietic system | + |
| 1,3-Butadiene a | Hematopoietic system | + | Methoxsalen (8-Methoxypsoralen) plus ultraviolet A radiation a | Skin | + |
| 1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate (Busulphan, Myleran) a | Hematopoietic system, lungs | + | Methyl-CCNU (1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea; Semustine) a | Hematopoietic system | + |
| Benzene a | Hematopoietic system | + | MOPP and other combined chemotherapy including alkylating agents | Hematopoietic system, lungs | + |
| Benzidine a | Urinary bladder | + | Mustard gas (sulfur mustard) a | Lungs | + |
| Beryllium and beryllium compounds a | Lungs | Oxidative DNA damage | 2-Naphthylamine a | Urinary bladder | + |
| Bis(chloromethyl)-ether a | Lungs | GTX in humans | Nickel compounds a | Nasal cavity, paranasal sinus, lungs | Oxidative DNA damage |
| Cadmium and cadmium compounds a | Lungs | Oxidative DNA damage | Pentachlorophenol (PCP) | Hematopoietic system | Oxidative DNA damage |
| Chlorambucil a | Hematopoietic system | + | Phenacetin | Renal pelvis and ureter | + |
| Chlornapazine (N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine) | Urinary bladder | + | 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) a | Lungs, soft tissue sarcoma, multiple sites | Aryl hydro-carbon receptor binding |
| Chloromethyl methyl ether a | Lungs | + | o-Toluidine a | Urinary bladder | + |
| Chromium(vi) compounds a | Lungs | +Oxidative DNA damage | Tamoxifen a | Endometrium | +Estrogen receptor modulator |
| Cyclophosphamide a | Hematopoietic system, urinary bladder | + | Thiotepa (1,1′,1′′-phosphinothioylidynetrisaziridine) a | Hematopoietic system | + |
| Cyclosporine a (ciclosporin) | Hematopoietic system, skin | Oxidative DNA damage | Treosulfan | Hematopoietic system | + |
| Diethylstilboestrol a | Breast, uterine cervix and vagina (exposure in utero) | +Estrogen receptor modulator | Trichloroethylene a | Kidney, hematopoietic system, liver | + |
| Estrogen only therapy, postmenopausal a | Endometrium, ovary | +Oxidative DNA damage Estrogen receptor modulator | Vinyl chloride a | Liver | + |
aAlso mentioned in 14th report on carcinogens by NTP (2016).215