Skip to main content
. 2019 Mar 8;10:144. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00144

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Glucose-lowering effects of mixed nutrient preloads. (A) Schematic representation of postprandial glucose-lowering mechanisms activated by nutrient preloads. (B) Reduction of postload glucose excursions (Δ Plasma glucose iAUC) during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after a mixed nutrient preload is proportional to the degree of glucose tolerance (Plasma glucose iAUC) in subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The physiological mechanisms responsible for the improvement in glucose tolerance during a 75 g OGTT preceded by a mixed nutrient preload (Preload) compared with a control OGTT (Control) are: (C) decreased rate of appearance of oral glucose for delayed gastric emptying; (D) enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (β-cell glucose sensitivity); and (E) reduced insulin clearance. Data are pooled from Trico et al. (18) and Trico et al. (19), for a total of 43 subjects examined (12 NGT, 13 IGT, and 18 T2D, except for B where T2D = 10). *p < 0.05 using paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test for within-group difference between Preload and Control.