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Amino acid sequence of human proinsulin with shaded areas representing CD4 T cell epitopes recognized by islet derived T cells. T cells obtained from the insulitis lesions of recent onset T1D organ donors respond to epitopes within the shaded area of the insulin B chain, the B:9-23 region, and C-peptide including the amino acid sequence GQVELGGG which forms a portion of hybrid insulin peptides. These islet derived T cells are predominantly activated by peptides presented by HLA-DQ8.
