. 2019 Mar 2;189(3):647–660. doi: 10.1007/s00442-019-04365-5

Table 1.

Details and results of (G)LMMs on the effects of exploration and boldness on space use and movement patterns in bank voles, Myodes glareolus (n = 21)

Response	Personality score	Estimate	SE	z/t-value	χ ²	df	p value	R _m	R _c
Home range	Boldness	155.67	39.90	3.90	15.05	1	< 0.001	0.38	0.47
Home range	Exploration	− 16.08	12.66	1. 27	1.55	1	0.214	0.32	0.30
Core area	Boldness	1.38	0.35	3.92	15.35	1	< 0.001	0.44	0.44
Core area	Exploration	− 88.47	134.41	0.66	0.43	1	0.510	0.03	0.15
Total distance moved	Boldness	161.37	48.85	3.30	10.91	1	0.001	0.27	0.69
Total distance moved	Exploration	− 38.81	16.35	2.37	5.64	1	0.018	0.07	0.33
Intraspecific home range overlap	Boldness	− 0.02	0.01	3.12	9.71	1	0.002	0.37	0.49
Intraspecific home range overlap	Exploration	0.00	0.00	1.91	3.65	1	0.056	0.10	0.38
Intraspecific core area overlap	Boldeness	− 0.04	0.02	2.13	4.55	1	0.033	0.13	0.13
Intraspecific core area overlap	Exploration	0.01	0.01	1.15	1.32	1	0.281	0.06	0.06
No. of mean trapping points in home range	Boldeness	− 0.05	0.02	2.39	5.72	1	0.017	0.13	0.53
No. of mean trapping points in home range	Exploration	0.00	0.02	0.03	0.00	1	0.979	0.02	0.54
No. of mean trapping points in core area	Boldeness	− 0.08	0.03	2.46	6.07	1	0.012	0.13	0.64
No. of mean trapping points in core area	Exploration	0.03	0.03	0.79	0.62	1	0.432	0.04	0.68
Max. vegetation height in home range	Boldness	− 0.74	0.34	2.16	4.66	1	0.031	0.14	0.55
Max. vegetation height in home range	Exploration	0.01	0.01	1.08	1.16	1	0.315	0.02	0.46
Max. vegetation height in core area	Boldness	− 0.51	7.65	0.50	0.25	1	0.615	0.21	0.70
Max. vegetation height in core area	Exploration	0.03	0.35	0.31	0.01	1	0.927	0.06	0.09
Ground cover in home range	Boldness	0.61	0.30	2.01	4.05	1	0.044	0.19	0.23
	Exploration	0.05	0.11	0.47	0.22	1	0.638	0.03	0.26
Ground cover in core area	Boldness	0.06	0.61	0.09	0.01	1	0.928	0.01	0.01
	Exploration	0.08	0.21	0.40	0.16	1	0.692	0.09	0.09

The fixed factor sex never showed a significant influence and was therefore excluded from the representation. Home ranges refer to Kernel 95% and core areas to Kernel 50%

Statistically significant results are highlighted with bold font for p values

SE the standard error of the estimates, z/t-value the z and the t statistic, df degrees of freedom, family describes the distribution of the error structure of the model, link the associated link function, R_m marginal R^² value based on fixed factors, R_c conditional R^² value including the study site as a random factor