Table 2.
Results of linear mixed-effect models testing for the effects of genetic diversity, season, and year on birch leaf-miner abundance and species richness at tree level (including genotype identity effect) and at plot level (using rarefied data with five randomly sampled trees per plot)
| Tree level | Plot level | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| df | χ 2 | P | df | χ 2 | P | ||
| Miner abundance | |||||||
| Genetic diversity (GD) | 1 | 11.12 | < 0.001 | Genetic diversity (GD) | 1 | 0.52 | 0.47 |
| Genotype identity (G) | 6 | 50.73 | < 0.001 | Season (S) | 1 | 20.95 | < 0.001 |
| Season (S) | 1 | 9.06 | 0.003 | Year (Y) | 1 | 503.90 | < 0.001 |
| Year (Y) | 1 | 1106.17 | < 0.001 | S:Y | 1 | 19.71 | < 0.001 |
| GD:S | 1 | 14.73 | < 0.001 | ||||
| G:S | 1 | 26.03 | < 0.001 | ||||
| S:Y | 1 | 42.65 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Miner species richness | |||||||
| Genetic diversity (GD) | 1 | 1.98 | 0.16 | Genetic diversity (GD) | 1 | 1.73 | 0.19 |
| Genotype identity (G) | 6 | 50.85 | < 0.001 | Season (S) | 1 | 66.68 | < 0.001 |
| Season (S) | 1 | 266.51 | < 0.001 | Year (Y) | 1 | 254.75 | < 0.001 |
| Year (Y) | 1 | 796.7 | < 0.001 | S:Y | 1 | 43.09 | < 0.001 |
| G:Y | 1 | 13.24 | 0.039 | ||||
| S:Y | 1 | 21.58 | < 0.001 | ||||
Only significant interactions were kept in the final model. Significant effects (P < 0.05) are in bold