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. 2019 Feb 24;189(3):687–697. doi: 10.1007/s00442-019-04351-x

Table 3.

Results of linear mixed-effect models testing for the effects of tree diversity, season, and year on within-plot β-diversity indices for both experiments

Species diversity experiment Genetic diversity experiment
df χ 2 P df χ 2 P
β-Diversity (βsor)
Species diversity 1 0.29 0.59 Genetic diversity 1 14.67 < 0.001
Season (S) 1 51.73 < 0.001 Season (S) 1 38.66 < 0.001
Year (Y) 1 0.65 0.42 Year (Y) 1 2.08 0.15
Area 2 1.06 0.59 S:Y 1 4.73 0.029
Species turnover (βsim)
Species diversity 1 0.03 0.85 Genetic diversity 1 6.33 0.012
Season (S) 1 28.97 < 0.001 Season (S) 1 31.40 < 0.001
Year (Y) 1 37.88 < 0.001 Year (Y) 1 22.39 < 0.001
Area 2 0.23 0.89 S:Y 1 8.63 0.003
S:Y 1 5.20 0.023
Species nestedness (βnes)
Species diversity 1 0.07 0.79 Genetic diversity 1 0.07 0.80
Season (S) 1 0.43 0.51 Season (S) 1 3.67 0.055
Year (Y) 1 76.58 < 0.001 Year (Y) 1 32.66 < 0.001
Area 2 1.68 0.43 S:Y 1 4.71 0.03
S:Y 1 4.21 0.04
Abundance-based assemblage dissimilarity (βbray)
Species diversity 1 0.003 0.96 Genetic diversity 1 8.33 0.004
Season (S) 1 7.45 0.006 Season (S) 1 0.058 0.81
Year (Y) 1 14.96 < 0.001 Year (Y) 1 15.14 < 0.001
Area 2 1.18 0.55 S:Y 1 6.62 0.010
Balanced variation in abundance (βbal)
Species diversity 1 0.13 0.71 Genetic diversity 1 3.30 0.069
Season (S) 1 15.43 < 0.001 Season (S) 1 7.40 0.007
Year (Y) 1 104.63 < 0.001 Year (Y) 1 62.52 < 0.001
Area 2 0.13 0.94
Abundance gradients (βgra)
Species diversity 1 0.33 0.56 Genetic diversity 1 0.005 0.94
Season (S) 1 8.25 0.004 Season (S) 1 18.82 < 0.001
Year (Y) 1 124.86 < 0.001 Year (Y) 1 67.85 < 0.001
Area 2 1.35 0.51

Only significant interactions were kept in the final model. Significant effects (P < 0.05) are in bold