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. 2019 Mar 14;9:4433. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41033-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Bivariate plot of δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N stable isotopic values of bone collagen, representing the Late Pleistocene ecosystem from Scladina, Spy and Goyet in Belgium. The plot includes Neandertals and UPMHs from Goyet as well as Neandertals from Spy. Herbivores’ core niches (= standard ellipse areas) in total niche (dashed convex hulls) were calculated using SIBER⁸⁶ (Stable Isotope Bayesian Ellipses in R). Omnivores and carnivores are displayed as individual specimens. Silhouettes represent species attribution. The same silhouette is used to represent Neandertals and UPMHs.