TABLE 4.

Adjusted Logistic Regression Estimates for Pharmacy Quality Alliance Measures, 2015

Predictor	High Dosage (n = 85,710)	P Value	Multiple Providers (n = 80,630)	P Value	Opioids + Benzodiazepine (n = 85,710)	P Value
	AOR (95% CI)		AOR (95% CI)		AOR (95% CI)
Age, years	1.01 (1.01-1.02)	< 0.001	0.96 (0.95-0.96)	< 0.001	1.03 (1.03-1.03)	< 0.001
Female	0.63 (0.59-0.67)	< 0.001	0.95 (0.89-1.02)	0.160	1.26 (1.22-1.31)	< 0.001
Race (reference = white)
Black	0.84 (0.77-0.91)	< 0.001	1.53 (1.41-1.65)	< 0.001	0.70 (0.67-0.73)	< 0.001
Hispanic	0.46 (0.38-0.55)	< 0.001	0.85 (0.75-0.98)	0.020	1.22 (1.15-1.30)	< 0.001
Other	0.87 (0.68-1.11)	0.250	0.98 (0.77-1.25)	0.890	0.84 (0.75-0.95)	0.004
Urban	1.08 (0.99-1.19)	0.090	1.38 (1.25-1.52)	< 0.001	1.15 (1.10-1.21)	< 0.001
Eligibility (reference = nondisabled adults)
Disabled	1.18 (1.06-1.32)	0.003	0.66 (0.60-0.73)	< 0.001	1.28 (1.21-1.35)	< 0.001
Medicaid expansion	0.91 (0.82-1.02)	0.120	1.06 (0.97-1.16)	0.210	0.94 (0.89-0.99)	0.020
Heroin/opioid overdose	1.43 (1.10-1.85)	0.010	1.05 (0.84-1.31)	0.660	1.25 (1.08-1.45)	0.003
Opioid use disorder	2.01 (1.83-2.21)	< 0.001	1.43 (1.31-1.57)	< 0.001	1.04 (0.98-1.10)	0.180
Anxiety disorder	0.99 (0.92-1.07)	0.770	1.54 (1.43-1.65)	< 0.001	3.50 (3.38-3.63)	< 0.001
Mood disorder	0.86 (0.79-0.93)	< 0.001	1.15 (1.06-1.25)	< 0.001	1.42 (1.36-1.48)	< 0.001
Medication-assisted treatment	0.83 (0.68-1.02)	0.080	1.09 (0.93-1.27)	0.280	1.22 (1.11-1.34)	< 0.001
Antidepressant drug use	0.94 (0.87-1.01)	0.100	1.00 (0.93-1.08)	0.990	1.53 (1.47-1.59)	< 0.001
Opioid fills	1.18 (1.18-1.19)	< 0.001	1.10 (1.09-1.10)	< 0.001	1.09 (1.09-1.10)	< 0.001
Elixhauser Index	0.91 (0.90-0.93)	< 0.001	1.15 (1.13-1.16)	< 0.001	0.97 (0.96-0.98)	< 0.001

AOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.